Cdc警告：抗艾滋病药Nevirapine有副作用
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2001年1月5日
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Some doctors are inappropriately using the AIDS (news - web sites) drug nevirapine (Viramune) to prevent people developing HIV infection after high-risk exposure to the virus, government scientists report. Although ``post-exposure prophylaxis (prevention)'' for healthcare workers is recommended by the government, using nevirapine in this way can cause life-threatening damage to the liver.
For people who are at high risk of being exposed to HIV, taking anti-HIV drugs immediately after possible exposure and for several weeks thereafter can clear the virus from the body, preventing the development of AIDS.
According to guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (news - web sites) (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, a range of antiretroviral drugs can be used in post-exposure prophylaxis. But the agency advises that nevirapine and a similar drug, delavirdine, should not be routinely used because of potential toxicity.
A report from the CDC, however, highlights the fact that doctors have been using nevirapine for this purpose. A total of 22 serious adverse events were reported between 1997 and 2000 after the drug had been used for this purpose.
In September last year, two healthcare workers suffered life-threatening liver damage when they took nevirapine after being exposed to HIV at work, CDC researchers note in the January 5th issue of the journal Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
Doctors may be tempted to use nevirapine for post-exposure HIV prevention because it is fast-acting and because a single dose is used safely to prevent transmission of HIV from mother to infant during childbirth, Dr. Elise Beltrami of the CDC explained.
One-dose use around the time of delivery is safe, she told Reuters Health, ``but multiple doses can produce side effects.''
``We're reminding healthcare providers who provide post-exposure prophylaxis how important it is to weigh the risks and benefits of using nevirapine,'' Beltrami said. ``The risks probably outweigh any benefit that might be anticipated,'' she added.
SOURCE: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2001;49:1153-1156., 百拇医药
For people who are at high risk of being exposed to HIV, taking anti-HIV drugs immediately after possible exposure and for several weeks thereafter can clear the virus from the body, preventing the development of AIDS.
According to guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (news - web sites) (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia, a range of antiretroviral drugs can be used in post-exposure prophylaxis. But the agency advises that nevirapine and a similar drug, delavirdine, should not be routinely used because of potential toxicity.
A report from the CDC, however, highlights the fact that doctors have been using nevirapine for this purpose. A total of 22 serious adverse events were reported between 1997 and 2000 after the drug had been used for this purpose.
In September last year, two healthcare workers suffered life-threatening liver damage when they took nevirapine after being exposed to HIV at work, CDC researchers note in the January 5th issue of the journal Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
Doctors may be tempted to use nevirapine for post-exposure HIV prevention because it is fast-acting and because a single dose is used safely to prevent transmission of HIV from mother to infant during childbirth, Dr. Elise Beltrami of the CDC explained.
One-dose use around the time of delivery is safe, she told Reuters Health, ``but multiple doses can produce side effects.''
``We're reminding healthcare providers who provide post-exposure prophylaxis how important it is to weigh the risks and benefits of using nevirapine,'' Beltrami said. ``The risks probably outweigh any benefit that might be anticipated,'' she added.
SOURCE: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2001;49:1153-1156., 百拇医药