益津降糖口服液的降糖降血脂作用
作者:李向中 桂绿荷 刘艳丽 宋东平
单位:沈阳药科大学中药系,沈阳 110015
关键词:益津降糖口服液;非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病;血糖;胆固醇;甘油三酯
沈阳药科大学学报000521 摘 要 益津降糖口服液一次或多次给药能显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠、大鼠的血糖;有明显的耐糖作用;口服后1 h 起效,2 h血糖下降最显著,延长到8 h;显著降低血清胆固醇(Tc)和甘油三酯(TG)含量;能降低乳酸含量并增加免疫器官的重量.
分类号 R969
The Effects of Yijin Hypoglycemic Oral Liquor on Blood Glucose and Lipids
, http://www.100md.com Li Xiangzhong, Gui Luhe, Liu Yanli, Song Dongping
(Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University,Shenyang 110015)
Abstract The Yijin Hypoglycemic Oral Liquor has significant hypoglycemic activity on blood glucose of alloxan diabetic mice and rats by once or poly administration.This drug has significant glucose tolerance ablity. One hour after oral administration,the blood glucose is lowered,is most significant at 2 h and prolongs to 8 h.This drug also significantly decreases the content of cholesterol and triglyceide in serum. It decreases lactic acid and increases the weight of immunology organ.Its toxicity is very low.These results suggest that the Yijin Hypoglycemic Oral Liquor may be an ideal antidiabetic drug.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words Yijin Hypoglycemic Oral Liquor;NIDDM;blood glucose;cholesterol;triglyceide
益津降糖口服液的主要成分有仙人掌Opuntia dillenii Haw.、人参Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.、茯苓Poria cocos(Schw.)Wolf.等,具有益气健脾,生津止渴的功能,主治气阴两虚型消渴病(糖尿病).经长春中医学院附属医院等5家医院对Ⅱ型糖尿病328例临床疗效观察,有效率为85.8%.作者系统观察了益津降糖口服液对高血糖动物模型血糖、血脂、乳酸等项目的影响和作用;并对其急、慢性毒性进行了实验.
1 材料
1.1 药品
益津降糖口服液(Yi Jin),延边中药厂,批号9503010,每mL药液含生药1 g;降糖灵片(DBI),江苏省金坛县制药厂,批号9601106;Alloxan,美国Sigma公司出品.
, http://www.100md.com
1.2 动物
昆明种雄性小白鼠,体重24~28 g,Wistar雄性大鼠,体重(200±20) g,均由沈阳药科大学实验动物中心提供,合格证为辽实第517号.
2 方法与结果
2.1 四氧嘧啶诱发的高血糖模型的建立及血糖测定
小鼠停食2 h,静脉注射四氧嘧啶90 mg/kg;大鼠腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠30 mg/kg并用乙醚麻醉、舌静脉注射四氧嘧啶50 mg/kg,一般在4 d后即造成四氧嘧啶高血糖模型.4 d后停食3 h,眼眶取血每次0.02 mL,用邻甲苯胺法测定血糖〔1,2〕.给药前血糖值选200 mg/dL以上的动物,组间平均血糖值相差不大于10 mg/dL〔3〕.
2.2 益津降糖口服液多次给药对四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠血糖的影响
, 百拇医药
选四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠82只,分5组.对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30、20、10 g/kg,阳性对照组灌服降糖灵75 mg/kg,空白对照组给予同体积蒸馏水,每天给药1次,连续4周,结果见表1.
2.3 益津降糖口服液一次给药对四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠的影响
选四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠29只,分2组.对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30 g/kg,给药后2 h 取血测血糖.实验过程停食不停水.结果见表2.
2.4 益津降糖口服液对四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠的耐糖试验〔3〕
选四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠30只,均分3组,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30 g/kg,阳性对照组灌服降糖灵75 mg/kg,给药后1 h腹腔注射葡萄糖2 g/kg,测定给糖后0、0.5、1、2、3 h的血糖值,实验过程停食不停水.结果见表3.
, http://www.100md.com
2.5 益津降糖口服液的时效试验
选四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠30只,均分2组,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30 g/kg,给药后1、2、5、8 h取血测血糖,实验过程停食不停水,结果见表4.
2.6 益津降糖口服液对正常小鼠血糖的影响
小鼠22~26 g,雄性18只,按体重均分2组,禁食3 h后,眼眶采血,测定给药前血糖值,随后给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30 g/kg,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药后2 h测血糖值,整个实验过程禁食不禁水,实验结果表明益津降糖口服液对正常小鼠无降血糖作用.结果见表5.
Tab.1 The effect of Yijin on the level of blood glucose in alloxan diabetic mice by poly-administration Group
, http://www.100md.com
Dose/
g.kg-1
Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1,Change/%
Before
After
1 week
2 weeks
3 weeks
4 weeks
Control(Water)
, http://www.100md.com
—
17
365.44±66.50
396.32±71.89
(+12.05)
422.06±105.64
(+22.69)
433.35±84.54
(+21.07)
422.06±100.82
(+17.55)
Yijin
, 百拇医药
30
16
375.78±70.48
293.75±102.96
(-19.51)
280.47±139.40
(-22.19)
248.44±135.76
(-31.47)
260.16±138.76
, http://www.100md.com
(-29.24)
Yijin
20
16
371.09±61.00
379.69±65.96
(+4.71)
404.69±93.52
(+9.77)
346.88±82.08
(-5.33)
340.63±76.60
, 百拇医药
(+6.54)
Yijin
10
15
370.00±56.66
392.50±106.34
(+7.18)
410.00±73.99
(+12.09)
353.33±114.00
(-4.71)
360.00±101.24
, http://www.100md.com
(-3.37)
DBI
0.075
18
376.39±79.75
347.22±88.02
(-6.15)
308.33±127.96
(-15.14)
263.19±120.54
(-27.22)
, 百拇医药
263.19±121.14
(-27.50)
*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001, compared with the control group
Tab.2 The effect of Yijin on the level of blood glucose in alloxan diabelic mice by once administration Group
Dose/g.kg-1
Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1
, http://www.100md.com
Before
After 2 h
Change/%
Control(Water)
—
15
358.46±14.98
330.19±85.68
-6.44
Yijin
30
14
, 百拇医药
363.17±77.46
245.55±108.16**
-33.49
**P<0.01, compared with auto-controlTab.3 The effect of Yijin on glucose tolerance ability in the alloxan diabetic mice Group
Dose/
g.kg-1
Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1,Change/%
, 百拇医药
Before
After
0 h
0.5 h
1 h
2 h
3 h
Control
(Water)
—
10
418.75±47.62
465.0±69.43
, 百拇医药
(+11.13)
651.25±40.16
(+56.09)
660.0±42.82
(+58.58)
532.5±36.43
(+28.32)
473.75±49.11
(+13.84)
Yijin
30
10
, http://www.100md.com
418.75±9.22
393.75±50.09
(-5.64)
592.5±76.41
(+41.71)
575.0±74.54
(+37.60)
405.0±73.41
(-3.24)
356.25±89.99
, 百拇医药
(-15.56)
DBI
0.075
10
412.50±44.08
341.25±62.66
(-17.34)
546.25±87.41
(+36.15)
555.0±74.83
(+36.03)
, 百拇医药
387.6±84.66
(-6.01)
330.00±67.75
(-20.46)
*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001, compared with the control group
Tab.4 The effect of Yijin on time Group
Dose/
g.kg-1
, http://www.100md.com
Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1,Change/%
Before
After
1 h
2 h
5 h
8 h
Control(Water)
—
15
403.09±72.54
, 百拇医药
410.95±71.94
(+2.31)
418.95±71.09
(+4.48)
348.18±77.60
(-13.69)
241.81±94.31
(40.34)
Yijin
30
15
398.10±80.50
, http://www.100md.com
365.24±49.50
(-6.71)
325.09±60.45
(-17.84)
247.03±108.55
(-40.29)
184.36±104.29
(-55.91)
*P<0.05; ***P<0.001, compared with the control groupTab.5 The effect of Yijin on blood glucose level of normol mice by once administration Group
, 百拇医药
Dose/
g.kg-1
Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1
Before
Afler 2 h
Change/ %
Control(Water)
—
8
104.88±21.42
, http://www.100md.com
83.75±27.58
-18.46
Yijin
30
10
115.70±25.41
92.80±14.60
-18.57
2.7 益津降糖口服液对四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠的降血糖效果实验
选四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠49只,分5组,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液20、10、5 g/kg,阳性对照组灌服降糖灵37.5 mg/kg,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,每天给药1次,连续3周,每周测血糖一次.结果见表6.Tab.6 The effect of Yijin on the level of blood glucose in alloxan diabetic rats Group
, 百拇医药
Dose/
g.kg-1
Rat
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1
Before
Change/%
1 week
2 weeks
3 weeks
Control(Water)
—
, 百拇医药
10
312.50±60.39
239.75±49.39 (-3.99)
310.00±39.44
(+2.68)
308.75±39.44
(+1.66)
Yijin
20
10
321.25±51.73
237.50±72.40
, 百拇医药
(-25.71)
228.75±3.19
(-29.52)
210.00±86.36
(-35.27)
Yijin
10
10
322.50±3.23
287.50±44.87
(-10.39)
, 百拇医药
252.50±58.27
(-20.72)
233.75±57.45
(-26.76)
Yijin
5
9
325.00±29.67
305.65±56.64
(-5.93)
286.11±53.79
, 百拇医药
(-11.99)
268.06±58.17
(-17.59)
DBI
0.0375
10
326.56±134.78
231.25±73.09
(-26.00)
218.75±103.36
(-32.50)
, 百拇医药
206.25±89.33
(-36.00)
*P<0.05; **P<0.01, compared with the control group
2.8 益津降糖口服液对四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠乳酸及血脂的影响
选四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠42只,用Barker 与Summerson氏法测定乳酸,用酶法测得的胆固醇、甘油三酯及β-脂蛋白含量为给药前数值,然后将动物分4组,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液20、10、5 g/kg,每天给药1次,连续1个月.在实验终了时再测定以上各指标,结果见表7.Tab.7 The effect of Yijin on lactic acid, cholesteral,triglyceide,β-lipoprotein in alloxan diabetic rat(±s)/mmol*L-1 Group
, 百拇医药
Dose/
g.kg-1
Rat
(Lactic acid
(Cholesteral
(Triglyceide
(β-lipoprotein
Before
After
Before
After
Before
, http://www.100md.com
After
Before
After
Control
(Water)
—
9
47.75
±23.88
53.62
±21.18
2.25
±0.32
, 百拇医药
2.07
±0.31
0.92
±0.38
0.65
±0.26
3.02
±1.83
1.82
±0.63
Yijin
20
9
, http://www.100md.com
52.20
±21.60
44.40
±20.28
2.28
±0.36
1.77
±0.29
0.92
±0.40
0.39
±0.22
, http://www.100md.com
2.47
±1.14
1.83
±0.87
Yijin
10
9
48.55
±24.36
24.83
±12.91
2.14
±0.40
, http://www.100md.com
1.76
±0.29
0.85
±0.43
0.42
±0.29
1.94
±0.84
1.37
±0.45
Yijin
5
9
, http://www.100md.com
44.92
±20.37
26.14
±9.66
2.22
±0.30
1.89
±0.25
0.81
±0.37
0.56
±0.24
2.56
, http://www.100md.com
±1.59
1.67
±0.67
*P<0.05;**P<0.01, compared with auto-control
2.9 毒性实验
急性毒性实验:20只小鼠雌雄各半,口服最大耐受量为384 g/kg(相当于人用量的320倍).
长期毒性实验:大鼠120只分4组,每日口服益津降糖口服液(相当于人用量的50倍)30、15、7.5 g/kg,连续6个月.与空白对照组比较,动物一般状况良好,对血象、肝、肾功能无明显影响,组织学检查也未见各脏器有明显的病理改变,对体重无明显影响.给药组大、中剂量的免疫器官(胸腺、脾)均比对照组略大.
, 百拇医药
3 讨论与结论
益津降糖口服液一次或多次给药对四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠、大鼠均有显著的降血糖作用,其作用强度与降糖灵相似;对葡萄糖引起的血糖升高有显著的耐糖作用;口服该药后1 h即生效,2 h作用最强,能维持8 h;但对正常小鼠无降血糖作用.推测本品的降血糖作用机制不是刺激胰岛细胞释放胰岛素,可能对胰岛β-细胞有保护作用,促进β-细胞功能恢复或再生,有待进一步研究.此外,本品能显著地降低血清胆固醇和甘油三酯;对乳酸含量有降低趋势,对免疫器官有增大趋势.急性及长期毒性实验证明本品毒性很低.
本次实验及临床试验研究均证明益津降糖口服液与降糖灵降血糖的作用强度相似,但临床试验研究中发现益津降糖口服液对乏力、自汗和消瘦症状改善比较突出,明显优于降糖灵(P<0.01),这与口服液中含有人参、茯苓具有降血糖的同时,还具有抗疲劳作用、强心作用以及对机体各器官组织的DNA、RNA和蛋白质合成有促进作用有关〔4〕.益津降糖口服液能显著的降低血清中胆固醇、甘油三酯含量(降糖灵无此作用),说明益津降糖口服液有保护糖尿病患者血管壁的良好作用,对糖尿病性心脑血管并发症有预防和治疗作用.
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临床试验研究中对76例糖尿病患者进行免疫球蛋白(IgG)的含量测定,治疗后较治疗前有明显改善(P<0.01).说明益津降糖口服液不仅能降血糖、血脂,而且具有增强机体免疫的功能,是治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病较理想的中成药.
参考文献
1,上海医学化验所.临床生化检验手册:上册.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.14
2,徐淑云.药理实验方法学.北京:人民卫生出版社,1982.982~984
3,中华人民共和国卫生部药政局.新药(西药)临床前研究指导原则汇编.北京:人民卫生出版社,1993.115~116
4,陈奇.中成药与名方药理及临床应用.深圳:海天出版社,1991.261
收稿日期:2000-03-06
, http://www.100md.com
单位:沈阳药科大学中药系,沈阳 110015
关键词:益津降糖口服液;非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病;血糖;胆固醇;甘油三酯
沈阳药科大学学报000521 摘 要 益津降糖口服液一次或多次给药能显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠、大鼠的血糖;有明显的耐糖作用;口服后1 h 起效,2 h血糖下降最显著,延长到8 h;显著降低血清胆固醇(Tc)和甘油三酯(TG)含量;能降低乳酸含量并增加免疫器官的重量.
分类号 R969
The Effects of Yijin Hypoglycemic Oral Liquor on Blood Glucose and Lipids
, http://www.100md.com Li Xiangzhong, Gui Luhe, Liu Yanli, Song Dongping
(Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University,Shenyang 110015)
Abstract The Yijin Hypoglycemic Oral Liquor has significant hypoglycemic activity on blood glucose of alloxan diabetic mice and rats by once or poly administration.This drug has significant glucose tolerance ablity. One hour after oral administration,the blood glucose is lowered,is most significant at 2 h and prolongs to 8 h.This drug also significantly decreases the content of cholesterol and triglyceide in serum. It decreases lactic acid and increases the weight of immunology organ.Its toxicity is very low.These results suggest that the Yijin Hypoglycemic Oral Liquor may be an ideal antidiabetic drug.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words Yijin Hypoglycemic Oral Liquor;NIDDM;blood glucose;cholesterol;triglyceide
益津降糖口服液的主要成分有仙人掌Opuntia dillenii Haw.、人参Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.、茯苓Poria cocos(Schw.)Wolf.等,具有益气健脾,生津止渴的功能,主治气阴两虚型消渴病(糖尿病).经长春中医学院附属医院等5家医院对Ⅱ型糖尿病328例临床疗效观察,有效率为85.8%.作者系统观察了益津降糖口服液对高血糖动物模型血糖、血脂、乳酸等项目的影响和作用;并对其急、慢性毒性进行了实验.
1 材料
1.1 药品
益津降糖口服液(Yi Jin),延边中药厂,批号9503010,每mL药液含生药1 g;降糖灵片(DBI),江苏省金坛县制药厂,批号9601106;Alloxan,美国Sigma公司出品.
, http://www.100md.com
1.2 动物
昆明种雄性小白鼠,体重24~28 g,Wistar雄性大鼠,体重(200±20) g,均由沈阳药科大学实验动物中心提供,合格证为辽实第517号.
2 方法与结果
2.1 四氧嘧啶诱发的高血糖模型的建立及血糖测定
小鼠停食2 h,静脉注射四氧嘧啶90 mg/kg;大鼠腹腔注射戊巴比妥钠30 mg/kg并用乙醚麻醉、舌静脉注射四氧嘧啶50 mg/kg,一般在4 d后即造成四氧嘧啶高血糖模型.4 d后停食3 h,眼眶取血每次0.02 mL,用邻甲苯胺法测定血糖〔1,2〕.给药前血糖值选200 mg/dL以上的动物,组间平均血糖值相差不大于10 mg/dL〔3〕.
2.2 益津降糖口服液多次给药对四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠血糖的影响
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选四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠82只,分5组.对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30、20、10 g/kg,阳性对照组灌服降糖灵75 mg/kg,空白对照组给予同体积蒸馏水,每天给药1次,连续4周,结果见表1.
2.3 益津降糖口服液一次给药对四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠的影响
选四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠29只,分2组.对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30 g/kg,给药后2 h 取血测血糖.实验过程停食不停水.结果见表2.
2.4 益津降糖口服液对四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠的耐糖试验〔3〕
选四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠30只,均分3组,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30 g/kg,阳性对照组灌服降糖灵75 mg/kg,给药后1 h腹腔注射葡萄糖2 g/kg,测定给糖后0、0.5、1、2、3 h的血糖值,实验过程停食不停水.结果见表3.
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2.5 益津降糖口服液的时效试验
选四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠30只,均分2组,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30 g/kg,给药后1、2、5、8 h取血测血糖,实验过程停食不停水,结果见表4.
2.6 益津降糖口服液对正常小鼠血糖的影响
小鼠22~26 g,雄性18只,按体重均分2组,禁食3 h后,眼眶采血,测定给药前血糖值,随后给药组灌服益津降糖口服液30 g/kg,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药后2 h测血糖值,整个实验过程禁食不禁水,实验结果表明益津降糖口服液对正常小鼠无降血糖作用.结果见表5.
Tab.1 The effect of Yijin on the level of blood glucose in alloxan diabetic mice by poly-administration Group
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Dose/
g.kg-1
Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1,Change/%
Before
After
1 week
2 weeks
3 weeks
4 weeks
Control(Water)
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—
17
365.44±66.50
396.32±71.89
(+12.05)
422.06±105.64
(+22.69)
433.35±84.54
(+21.07)
422.06±100.82
(+17.55)
Yijin
, 百拇医药
30
16
375.78±70.48
293.75±102.96
(-19.51)
280.47±139.40
(-22.19)
248.44±135.76
(-31.47)
260.16±138.76
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(-29.24)
Yijin
20
16
371.09±61.00
379.69±65.96
(+4.71)
404.69±93.52
(+9.77)
346.88±82.08
(-5.33)
340.63±76.60
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(+6.54)
Yijin
10
15
370.00±56.66
392.50±106.34
(+7.18)
410.00±73.99
(+12.09)
353.33±114.00
(-4.71)
360.00±101.24
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(-3.37)
DBI
0.075
18
376.39±79.75
347.22±88.02
(-6.15)
308.33±127.96
(-15.14)
263.19±120.54
(-27.22)
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263.19±121.14
(-27.50)
*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001, compared with the control group
Tab.2 The effect of Yijin on the level of blood glucose in alloxan diabelic mice by once administration Group
Dose/g.kg-1
Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1
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Before
After 2 h
Change/%
Control(Water)
—
15
358.46±14.98
330.19±85.68
-6.44
Yijin
30
14
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363.17±77.46
245.55±108.16**
-33.49
**P<0.01, compared with auto-controlTab.3 The effect of Yijin on glucose tolerance ability in the alloxan diabetic mice Group
Dose/
g.kg-1
Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1,Change/%
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Before
After
0 h
0.5 h
1 h
2 h
3 h
Control
(Water)
—
10
418.75±47.62
465.0±69.43
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(+11.13)
651.25±40.16
(+56.09)
660.0±42.82
(+58.58)
532.5±36.43
(+28.32)
473.75±49.11
(+13.84)
Yijin
30
10
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418.75±9.22
393.75±50.09
(-5.64)
592.5±76.41
(+41.71)
575.0±74.54
(+37.60)
405.0±73.41
(-3.24)
356.25±89.99
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(-15.56)
DBI
0.075
10
412.50±44.08
341.25±62.66
(-17.34)
546.25±87.41
(+36.15)
555.0±74.83
(+36.03)
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387.6±84.66
(-6.01)
330.00±67.75
(-20.46)
*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001, compared with the control group
Tab.4 The effect of Yijin on time Group
Dose/
g.kg-1
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Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1,Change/%
Before
After
1 h
2 h
5 h
8 h
Control(Water)
—
15
403.09±72.54
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410.95±71.94
(+2.31)
418.95±71.09
(+4.48)
348.18±77.60
(-13.69)
241.81±94.31
(40.34)
Yijin
30
15
398.10±80.50
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365.24±49.50
(-6.71)
325.09±60.45
(-17.84)
247.03±108.55
(-40.29)
184.36±104.29
(-55.91)
*P<0.05; ***P<0.001, compared with the control groupTab.5 The effect of Yijin on blood glucose level of normol mice by once administration Group
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Dose/
g.kg-1
Mice
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1
Before
Afler 2 h
Change/ %
Control(Water)
—
8
104.88±21.42
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83.75±27.58
-18.46
Yijin
30
10
115.70±25.41
92.80±14.60
-18.57
2.7 益津降糖口服液对四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠的降血糖效果实验
选四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠49只,分5组,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液20、10、5 g/kg,阳性对照组灌服降糖灵37.5 mg/kg,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,每天给药1次,连续3周,每周测血糖一次.结果见表6.Tab.6 The effect of Yijin on the level of blood glucose in alloxan diabetic rats Group
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Dose/
g.kg-1
Rat
Blood glucose(±s)/mg.dL-1
Before
Change/%
1 week
2 weeks
3 weeks
Control(Water)
—
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10
312.50±60.39
239.75±49.39 (-3.99)
310.00±39.44
(+2.68)
308.75±39.44
(+1.66)
Yijin
20
10
321.25±51.73
237.50±72.40
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(-25.71)
228.75±3.19
(-29.52)
210.00±86.36
(-35.27)
Yijin
10
10
322.50±3.23
287.50±44.87
(-10.39)
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252.50±58.27
(-20.72)
233.75±57.45
(-26.76)
Yijin
5
9
325.00±29.67
305.65±56.64
(-5.93)
286.11±53.79
, 百拇医药
(-11.99)
268.06±58.17
(-17.59)
DBI
0.0375
10
326.56±134.78
231.25±73.09
(-26.00)
218.75±103.36
(-32.50)
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206.25±89.33
(-36.00)
*P<0.05; **P<0.01, compared with the control group
2.8 益津降糖口服液对四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠乳酸及血脂的影响
选四氧嘧啶高血糖大鼠42只,用Barker 与Summerson氏法测定乳酸,用酶法测得的胆固醇、甘油三酯及β-脂蛋白含量为给药前数值,然后将动物分4组,对照组灌服同体积蒸馏水,给药组灌服益津降糖口服液20、10、5 g/kg,每天给药1次,连续1个月.在实验终了时再测定以上各指标,结果见表7.Tab.7 The effect of Yijin on lactic acid, cholesteral,triglyceide,β-lipoprotein in alloxan diabetic rat(±s)/mmol*L-1 Group
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Dose/
g.kg-1
Rat
(Lactic acid
(Cholesteral
(Triglyceide
(β-lipoprotein
Before
After
Before
After
Before
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After
Before
After
Control
(Water)
—
9
47.75
±23.88
53.62
±21.18
2.25
±0.32
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2.07
±0.31
0.92
±0.38
0.65
±0.26
3.02
±1.83
1.82
±0.63
Yijin
20
9
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52.20
±21.60
44.40
±20.28
2.28
±0.36
1.77
±0.29
0.92
±0.40
0.39
±0.22
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2.47
±1.14
1.83
±0.87
Yijin
10
9
48.55
±24.36
24.83
±12.91
2.14
±0.40
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1.76
±0.29
0.85
±0.43
0.42
±0.29
1.94
±0.84
1.37
±0.45
Yijin
5
9
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44.92
±20.37
26.14
±9.66
2.22
±0.30
1.89
±0.25
0.81
±0.37
0.56
±0.24
2.56
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±1.59
1.67
±0.67
*P<0.05;**P<0.01, compared with auto-control
2.9 毒性实验
急性毒性实验:20只小鼠雌雄各半,口服最大耐受量为384 g/kg(相当于人用量的320倍).
长期毒性实验:大鼠120只分4组,每日口服益津降糖口服液(相当于人用量的50倍)30、15、7.5 g/kg,连续6个月.与空白对照组比较,动物一般状况良好,对血象、肝、肾功能无明显影响,组织学检查也未见各脏器有明显的病理改变,对体重无明显影响.给药组大、中剂量的免疫器官(胸腺、脾)均比对照组略大.
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3 讨论与结论
益津降糖口服液一次或多次给药对四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠、大鼠均有显著的降血糖作用,其作用强度与降糖灵相似;对葡萄糖引起的血糖升高有显著的耐糖作用;口服该药后1 h即生效,2 h作用最强,能维持8 h;但对正常小鼠无降血糖作用.推测本品的降血糖作用机制不是刺激胰岛细胞释放胰岛素,可能对胰岛β-细胞有保护作用,促进β-细胞功能恢复或再生,有待进一步研究.此外,本品能显著地降低血清胆固醇和甘油三酯;对乳酸含量有降低趋势,对免疫器官有增大趋势.急性及长期毒性实验证明本品毒性很低.
本次实验及临床试验研究均证明益津降糖口服液与降糖灵降血糖的作用强度相似,但临床试验研究中发现益津降糖口服液对乏力、自汗和消瘦症状改善比较突出,明显优于降糖灵(P<0.01),这与口服液中含有人参、茯苓具有降血糖的同时,还具有抗疲劳作用、强心作用以及对机体各器官组织的DNA、RNA和蛋白质合成有促进作用有关〔4〕.益津降糖口服液能显著的降低血清中胆固醇、甘油三酯含量(降糖灵无此作用),说明益津降糖口服液有保护糖尿病患者血管壁的良好作用,对糖尿病性心脑血管并发症有预防和治疗作用.
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临床试验研究中对76例糖尿病患者进行免疫球蛋白(IgG)的含量测定,治疗后较治疗前有明显改善(P<0.01).说明益津降糖口服液不仅能降血糖、血脂,而且具有增强机体免疫的功能,是治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病较理想的中成药.
参考文献
1,上海医学化验所.临床生化检验手册:上册.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.14
2,徐淑云.药理实验方法学.北京:人民卫生出版社,1982.982~984
3,中华人民共和国卫生部药政局.新药(西药)临床前研究指导原则汇编.北京:人民卫生出版社,1993.115~116
4,陈奇.中成药与名方药理及临床应用.深圳:海天出版社,1991.261
收稿日期:2000-03-06
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