腹腔镜辅助下治疗先天性巨结肠
【摘要】 目的 介绍腹腔镜在先天性巨结肠手术中的应用经验。方法 先天性巨结肠6例,采用全麻气管插管,腹壁3个孔进镜及操作钳。腹腔镜直视下分离病变的结肠及近端直肠系膜至盆底。于肛门齿状线上5mm切开直肠粘膜,下拖并向上分离直肠粘膜3mm,此处切断直肠肌鞘,分离直肠至腹内直肠游离处,拖出正常的结肠与直肠粘膜齿状线上切缘吻合。结果 平均手术时间120~240min,术后24h能排气、排便。近期随访效果良好。结论 腹腔镜巨结肠根治手术创伤小,安全有效。
关键词 巨结肠 外科学 腹腔镜 手术
【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1606-8106(2004)09-0797-02
Laparoscopic-assited pull-through for Hirschsprung’s
disease in infants and children
, http://www.100md.com
Ma Daiming,Qi Hui,Dai Jiandong
Department of Pediatric Surgery,Maternity and Children Health Hospital of Tangshan
City,Tangshan063000.
【Abstract】 Objective To present our experience of laparoscopic-assisted pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease.Methods 6childrens with Hirschsprung’s disease underwent laparoscopic-assited pull-through.Under general anaesthesia,pn
, 百拇医药
eumoperitoneum was created.The techique uses three small abdominal ports,the transition zone was identified visually.Suspected colon and rectum were mobilized by dividing the supplying vessel and cutting the perirectal peritoneal reflection.By anal approach,the mucosa was incised5mm above the dentate line and dissection was carried out proximally in the submucosal plane for3mm.Then the muscular cuff was incised and the rectum was dissected until the laver of the intraabdominal dissection was reached.The colon was pulled through the anus passing the layer of the transition zone.Coloanal anstomosis was made between the cut end of thecolon and the cut edge of mucosa above the dentate line.Results The average operation times were120~240minutes.Almost all of the paˉtients passed stool and flatus within24hours after the surgery and good results.Conclusion Laparoscopic pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease is save and feasible.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words Hirschsprung’s disease surgical procedures laparoscopic operative
我院自2001年2月~2003年9月在腹腔镜辅助下治疗先天性巨结肠6例,并取得了良好疗效,现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 本组6例中,男5例,女1例。年龄60天~4岁。1例为短段型巨结肠,其余为常见型巨结肠。所有患儿术前经钡剂灌肠、直肠肛管测压检查,全部病例术后病理证实。
1.2 手术方法 术前给予等渗盐水灌肠2周,气管插管麻醉,取平卧头低足高位,插入胃管和尿管,排空胃及膀胱。Veress针从脐部上缘穿刺,注入CO 2 气体,压力为10~12mmHg,建立气腹。右上腹置5mm Trocar,放入腹腔镜,左上腹及右下腹置5mm Trocar,放入分离钳、超声刀。确定痉挛段及移行部的位置,用超声刀紧靠肠管游离肠系膜,避免损伤输尿管。切开盆底直肠周围腹膜返折,紧靠直肠游离系膜及部分侧韧带,使肠管能无张力拖下与肛门吻合。检查无出血,排出CO 2 气体。手术转至会阴部,齿状线上0.5cm处环形切开直肠粘膜,将粘膜与肌层分开,使粘膜与肌鞘分离3cm,横断肌鞘,将残留的肌鞘后壁纵形劈开,下端至吻合线,向上游离直肠,直至腹内直肠游离处,将腹内已游离的肠管拖出肛门外,切除病变肠管。这时再次建立气腹,观察拖下结肠系膜有无扭转,盆腔内有无出血。再将近端正常的结肠断端与直肠粘膜切缘处缝合。
, 百拇医药
2 结果
全组患儿经腹腔镜辅助Ⅰ期完成手术,无中转开腹。手术时间120~240min。术后第1d能排气、排便,拔除胃管后开始喂水,无呕吐、腹胀症状。腹壁切口愈合良好,无切口疝发生、无肛周感染、无吻合口瘘发生。术后14d开始扩肛,扩肛时间为半年。术后定期随访:1例患儿出院后出现腹胀、便秘,经灌肠治疗2周后症状缓解。术后近期大便次数4~8次/d,大多数患儿术后3个月以后为1~2次/d。
3 讨论
1994年Smith等 [1] 应用腹腔镜辅助下成功地对1例2岁先天性巨结肠患儿进行了Duhamel手术,此后陆续有学者 [2] 报道了腹腔镜各种巨结肠根治方法,取得了满意的效果。根据本组病例的经验,我们体会:(1)本手术无腹部大切口,减少了术后切口裂开等并发症;减少了肠粘连;美容效果好。(2)手术适应于短段型、常见型巨结肠,长段型巨结肠操作较困难,适于开腹手术。手术年龄适宜于新生儿、婴幼儿、儿童各年龄段,尤其适宜于新生儿和婴幼儿。(3)用超声刀处理系膜出血很少,对大血管也能直接切割,全组患儿未输血。(4)残留的痉挛段的长短与内括约肌的处理方式是影响预后的重要因素。本组第1例患儿残留的肌鞘长度为5cm,术后出现腹胀、便秘,考虑为肌鞘残留过长所致 [3] 。而后的手术残留的肌鞘长度改为2.5~3cm,并在残留的肌鞘后壁纵形劈开,下端至吻合线,均恢复良好。(5)由于腹腔镜手术费用的降低,人们经济生活水平的提高,腹腔镜手术的应用范围越来越广泛,本术式比较经肛门Ⅰ期巨结肠根治术的最大优点在于能在直视下观察腹腔内有无出血以及拖下的结肠有无扭转。有条件医院可推广应用。
, 百拇医药
参考文献
1 Smith BM,Steiner RB,Lobe TE.Laparoscopic Duhamel pull-through procedurefor Hirschsprung’s disease in childhood.J Laparosc Surg,1994,4:273-276.
2 陈永卫,侯大为,张钦明,等.腹腔镜在新生儿及小婴儿巨结肠根治术中的应用.中华小儿外科杂志,2001,22:133-135.
3 高亚,李恭才,张宪生,等.Ⅰ期经肛门巨结肠根治术15例报告.中华小儿外科杂志,2001,22:21-23.
作者单位:063000河北省唐山市妇幼保健院儿外科
(编辑 李木), http://www.100md.com
关键词 巨结肠 外科学 腹腔镜 手术
【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1606-8106(2004)09-0797-02
Laparoscopic-assited pull-through for Hirschsprung’s
disease in infants and children
, http://www.100md.com
Ma Daiming,Qi Hui,Dai Jiandong
Department of Pediatric Surgery,Maternity and Children Health Hospital of Tangshan
City,Tangshan063000.
【Abstract】 Objective To present our experience of laparoscopic-assisted pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease.Methods 6childrens with Hirschsprung’s disease underwent laparoscopic-assited pull-through.Under general anaesthesia,pn
, 百拇医药
eumoperitoneum was created.The techique uses three small abdominal ports,the transition zone was identified visually.Suspected colon and rectum were mobilized by dividing the supplying vessel and cutting the perirectal peritoneal reflection.By anal approach,the mucosa was incised5mm above the dentate line and dissection was carried out proximally in the submucosal plane for3mm.Then the muscular cuff was incised and the rectum was dissected until the laver of the intraabdominal dissection was reached.The colon was pulled through the anus passing the layer of the transition zone.Coloanal anstomosis was made between the cut end of thecolon and the cut edge of mucosa above the dentate line.Results The average operation times were120~240minutes.Almost all of the paˉtients passed stool and flatus within24hours after the surgery and good results.Conclusion Laparoscopic pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease is save and feasible.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words Hirschsprung’s disease surgical procedures laparoscopic operative
我院自2001年2月~2003年9月在腹腔镜辅助下治疗先天性巨结肠6例,并取得了良好疗效,现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 本组6例中,男5例,女1例。年龄60天~4岁。1例为短段型巨结肠,其余为常见型巨结肠。所有患儿术前经钡剂灌肠、直肠肛管测压检查,全部病例术后病理证实。
1.2 手术方法 术前给予等渗盐水灌肠2周,气管插管麻醉,取平卧头低足高位,插入胃管和尿管,排空胃及膀胱。Veress针从脐部上缘穿刺,注入CO 2 气体,压力为10~12mmHg,建立气腹。右上腹置5mm Trocar,放入腹腔镜,左上腹及右下腹置5mm Trocar,放入分离钳、超声刀。确定痉挛段及移行部的位置,用超声刀紧靠肠管游离肠系膜,避免损伤输尿管。切开盆底直肠周围腹膜返折,紧靠直肠游离系膜及部分侧韧带,使肠管能无张力拖下与肛门吻合。检查无出血,排出CO 2 气体。手术转至会阴部,齿状线上0.5cm处环形切开直肠粘膜,将粘膜与肌层分开,使粘膜与肌鞘分离3cm,横断肌鞘,将残留的肌鞘后壁纵形劈开,下端至吻合线,向上游离直肠,直至腹内直肠游离处,将腹内已游离的肠管拖出肛门外,切除病变肠管。这时再次建立气腹,观察拖下结肠系膜有无扭转,盆腔内有无出血。再将近端正常的结肠断端与直肠粘膜切缘处缝合。
, 百拇医药
2 结果
全组患儿经腹腔镜辅助Ⅰ期完成手术,无中转开腹。手术时间120~240min。术后第1d能排气、排便,拔除胃管后开始喂水,无呕吐、腹胀症状。腹壁切口愈合良好,无切口疝发生、无肛周感染、无吻合口瘘发生。术后14d开始扩肛,扩肛时间为半年。术后定期随访:1例患儿出院后出现腹胀、便秘,经灌肠治疗2周后症状缓解。术后近期大便次数4~8次/d,大多数患儿术后3个月以后为1~2次/d。
3 讨论
1994年Smith等 [1] 应用腹腔镜辅助下成功地对1例2岁先天性巨结肠患儿进行了Duhamel手术,此后陆续有学者 [2] 报道了腹腔镜各种巨结肠根治方法,取得了满意的效果。根据本组病例的经验,我们体会:(1)本手术无腹部大切口,减少了术后切口裂开等并发症;减少了肠粘连;美容效果好。(2)手术适应于短段型、常见型巨结肠,长段型巨结肠操作较困难,适于开腹手术。手术年龄适宜于新生儿、婴幼儿、儿童各年龄段,尤其适宜于新生儿和婴幼儿。(3)用超声刀处理系膜出血很少,对大血管也能直接切割,全组患儿未输血。(4)残留的痉挛段的长短与内括约肌的处理方式是影响预后的重要因素。本组第1例患儿残留的肌鞘长度为5cm,术后出现腹胀、便秘,考虑为肌鞘残留过长所致 [3] 。而后的手术残留的肌鞘长度改为2.5~3cm,并在残留的肌鞘后壁纵形劈开,下端至吻合线,均恢复良好。(5)由于腹腔镜手术费用的降低,人们经济生活水平的提高,腹腔镜手术的应用范围越来越广泛,本术式比较经肛门Ⅰ期巨结肠根治术的最大优点在于能在直视下观察腹腔内有无出血以及拖下的结肠有无扭转。有条件医院可推广应用。
, 百拇医药
参考文献
1 Smith BM,Steiner RB,Lobe TE.Laparoscopic Duhamel pull-through procedurefor Hirschsprung’s disease in childhood.J Laparosc Surg,1994,4:273-276.
2 陈永卫,侯大为,张钦明,等.腹腔镜在新生儿及小婴儿巨结肠根治术中的应用.中华小儿外科杂志,2001,22:133-135.
3 高亚,李恭才,张宪生,等.Ⅰ期经肛门巨结肠根治术15例报告.中华小儿外科杂志,2001,22:21-23.
作者单位:063000河北省唐山市妇幼保健院儿外科
(编辑 李木), http://www.100md.com