【摘要】 目的 探讨小儿支气管异物诊断的特殊性及外科手术的适应证和手术方法。 方法 经开胸手术治疗小儿支气管异物16例，异物存留时间5d～22个月，术前均行胸部X线检查，7例在X线胸片上可见异物。术中经开胸切开支气管取异物14例，右肺下叶切除1例，左下肺段切除1例。 结果 呼吸困难、咳嗽以及患侧呼吸音减弱是儿童支气管异物的最主要症状和体征。通过开胸手术于术中解剖均找到异物，术后无大出血、无支气管胸膜瘘及肺不张等并发症，随访良好。 结论 儿童支气管异物尤其是慢性期的诊断有其特殊性。开胸手术绝大多数可以摘除异物，而对肺叶切除术应慎重。

    关键词 支气管异物 儿童 开胸手术

    Surgical treatment with foreign body bronchus in children

    Pan Youmin，Pan Tiecheng，Tang Yingxiong，et al.

    Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery，Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of HUST，Wuhan430030.

    【Abstract】 Objective To explore the diagnostic speciality of foreign body bronchus in children，and to eval-uate the effects of surgical treatment thoracotomy.Methods 16cases of foreign body bronchus in children were treat-ed by thoracotomy.The remaining time of foreign bodies in bronchial conduit was from5days to22months.X-ray examination was done in all cases ......