关键词：头孢菌素；药物利用；合理用药；成本
摘 要 目的：了解头孢菌素类药物的合理应用情况。 方法： 提取1998年12月上旬应用头孢菌素的503例普通病房出院病历，采用回顾性调查法分析药物利用及成本消耗情况。 结果：共涉及药物16种， 以头孢唑啉最多， 其次为头孢氨苄片、头孢曲松等。 治疗用药173例， 有效率89.02%； 预防用药330例，有效率97.88%。 25.05%的不合理用药病例消耗掉39.70%的成本。预防用药的不合理比例(29.09%)明显高于治疗用药(16.76%)。头孢菌素类药物总金额为600 199.51元， 平均1 193.24±1 732.74元，占全部药费的5.92%、 全部医药收费的2.34%。 结论：药品的消费趋势与其疗效、 价格及政策倾斜等自身特性密切相关，提高合理用药水平有助于降低药费支出。
Analysis of theUtilization and the Cost Cephalosporins
Guo Daihong,Zhang Zhiping,Zhao Liang
Department of Pharmacy,General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853,P.R.China
ABSTRACT The Utilization and the Cost of 16cephalosporins were analyzed by using retrosp ective analysis technique.These drugs usedin 503 patients mainly involved cefaz olin,cefalexin and cefatriaxone.The efficacious ratewas 89.0%(173 cases ) f or therapy and 97.9%(330 cases )for prevention.The ratio ofunreasonable use in cases of therapeutic use (29.1%) was higher than in the cases ofprevent ive use (16.8%).It suggested that the consumption tendency of drugs was clos elyrelated to such factors as efficacy,cost and preferential policies and prope rties of thedrugs used.Rational utilization of drugs can help reduce the expens e in of drug use.
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