刘惠兰 李国刚 段晓峰 蔡庆 100038 北京，首都医科大学附属复兴医院肾内科(刘惠兰、李国刚、段晓峰)；中国人民解放军空军总医院基础诊断中心(蔡庆) 中华内科杂志 1998 0 0 11


    关键词：血液透析；肝炎，丙型；肝炎，乙型 期刊 zhnkzz 0 论 著 fur -->


    

【摘要 】 目的 研究血液透析患者乙、丙型肝炎感染状况及感染途径。方法 对49例维持性血液透析患者用套式逆转录聚合酶链反应方法(RT-PCR)检测了乙型肝炎病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV-DNA)及丙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸(HCV-RNA)，用第二代酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测丙型肝炎抗体、乙型肝炎标志物(HBVM)。结果 透析患者乙型肝炎感染率53.1%，丙型肝炎感染率69.4%。输血组乙、丙型肝炎感染率大于未输血组；透析程24个月以上者丙型肝炎感染率大于透析12个月以内者(P<0.05)。logistic多元回归分析显示，透析年限的增加是丙型肝炎感染的主要因素，提示透析程的危险度大于输血危险度。20份血站提供的血制品有3份HCV-RNA阳性，20份复用透析器经消毒处理后检测出2份HCV-RNA阳性，9例工作人员HCV-RNA及HBV-DNA均阴性。结论 加强透析室的管理及工作人员的防护，减少输血及透析器的复用，对减少透析中乙、丙型肝炎感染至关重要。

Clinical characteristics of hepatitisB and hepatitis C virus infections in maintenance hemodialysis patients Liu Huilan, Li Guogang, Duan Xiaofeng, et al. Department ofNephrology, Fuxing Hospital, The Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China 100038

【Abstract 】 Objective Tostudy the infections caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) andfind the infectious routes in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Methods HCV-RNA and HBV-DNA were tested in 49 patients by PT-PCR. HBV serummarkers (HBVM) and anti-HCV antibodies of these patients were also tested bysecond-generation ELISA. Results Theincidence of HBV infection was 53.1% and that of HCV infection 69.4%.The incidence of HCVand HBV infection in a transfusion group was higher than that in a non-transfusion group.Patients with long-term period (>24 months) dialysis had a higher morbidity of HCVinfection than those with short-term (<12 months) dialysis (P<0.05).logistic-analysis showed that the length of dialysis period was a more crucial factor inHCV infection as compared with blood transfusion. Among the 20 blood samples supplied byBeijing blood bank, 3 were HCV-RNA positive. Of the 20 reused dialyzers which had beendisinfected, 2 were HCV-RNA positive. 9 nurses of our dialysis unit were all HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA negative. Conclusion It isessential to strengthen the management and protection measures as well as decreasetransfusion and reuses of dialyzers.

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