【摘要 】 目的 分析比较结核分支杆菌与其它分支杆菌菌体多肽抗原的共性和个性，寻找与结核病诊断相关的多肽抗原。方法 采用SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)和免疫印迹技术分析多肽抗原，并提取特异性抗原用于575例结核患者、450名正常人和250例非结核患者的抗体检测。结果 结核分支杆菌、牛结核分支杆菌菌体多肽成份不仅具有相似的多肽区带，而且各主要抗原多肽具有相似的免疫原性。主要多肽成份分子量为76 000、65 000和25 000等，其中分子量为76000、65 000和25000多肽成份是13种分支杆菌的共同抗原。提纯的特异性抗原成份用于结核病的诊断，其敏感性为89.7%，特异性为95.7%。结论 分支杆菌菌体多肽成份经SDS-PAGE分析，区带之间差异较大，提示可以用于分支杆菌菌种的鉴定。结核分支杆菌H₃₇ Rv株特异性抗原的抗体检测，对肺外结核、菌阴结核患者的辅助诊断具有较高的应用价值。

【Abstract 】 Objective To analyzeand compare polypeptide antigens of 13 Mycobacterium strains and try to find outtuberculosis associated antigens. Method Polypeptide antigens were analyzed by using SDS-polyacrylamid gelelectrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblots techniques. Specific antibodies in serum or CSFsamples obtained from 575 tuberculosis patients, 450 healthy individuals and 250non-tuberculosis patients were detected by using immunoblots technique with purifiedspecific antigen. Results The results showed thatpolypeptide of H₃₇ Rv、H₃₇ Ra、BCG、Bovis strains had thesimilar polypeptide bands and the similar immunogenicity in major polypeptide antigens.Molecular weight of major polypeptide antigens were 76 000、65 000、34 000～40 000、28 000 and 25 000. The76 000、65 000 and 25 000 polypeptides were found inall the 13 Mycobacterium strains and they were common antigens probably. Purified specificantigen was used in serodiagnosis of tuberculosis and the sensitivity was 89.7%, whilespecificity was 95.7%. Conclusion Polypeptide bandsof Mycobacterium were found different and Mycobaterium strains could be identified by SDS-PAGE technique. The results suggested that specific antigen of H₃₇ Rv strainfor antibody detection was a useful supplementary tool for diagnosis of extrapulmonarytuberculosis and bacteria-negative pulmonary tuberculosis.

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