【摘 要】 目的 为下颌骨缺损提供带血管蒂骨瓣移位修复术的应用解剖 学基础。方法 在15具(30侧)灌注红色乳胶的成人尸体标本上 ，观 测颈横血管及其肩胛冈支的走行、分支及分布。结果 颈横动脉全 程分为：颈段，长(4.7±0.1) cm，起始外径(4.0±0.1) mm；背段，长(5.88±0.63) cm， 起始外径(3.30±0.35) mm。颈横动脉肩胛冈支86.7%起于颈横动脉浅支，13.3%起自颈 横动 脉，干长(4.97±1.68) cm，起始外径(2.08±0.27) mm。肩胛冈支恒定地向肩胛冈发出4～8 支骨 膜支营养肩胛冈。结论 颈横血管肩胛冈支是肩胛冈区的主要血供 来源之一，以其为蒂的肩胛冈骨瓣可以颈横血管背段起始处为旋转点向下颌区移位，血管蒂 平均长约10.85 cm，可为下颌骨缺损修复提供一种新的术式。

APPLIED ANATOMY OF BONE FLAP PEDICLED WITH

    SPINA SCAPU LAR BRANCH OF TRANSVERSE

    CERVICAL ARTERY FOR MANDIBULAR RECONSTRUCTION

WANG Bin,CHEN Zhen-guang,CHEN X iu-qing,et al.

    Department of Micro-Orthopedic Surgery,the Second Affiliated

    Hos pital of Hubei Medical University.Wuhan Hubei,P.R.China 430071

【Abstract】 Objective To study the anatomical basis of vascularized spina scapular bone flap,which w as used in mandibular reconstruction.Methods Fifteen adu lt cadavers were adopted in this study.The two common carotid arteries of each c adave r were intubed and perfused with red emulsion respectively.Then the course and di stribution of the transverse cervical artery(TCA)and its spina scapular branches were observed on 30 sides.Results The TCA was divi ded into two segments:the cervical segment originated from the origin of the ar tery to the superior margin of the trapezius muscle,and the dorsal segment origi nated from the superior margin of the trapezius muscle to the site where the TC A bifurcated into the superficial and deep branches.The average length and origi nal caliber of the cervical segment were(4.7±0.1) cm and (4.0±0.1) mm.The aver age length and original caliber of the dorsal segment were (5.88±0.63) cm and ( 3.30±0.35) mm.86.7% spina scapular branches originated from the superficial bra nch of TCA and 13.3% from TCA.The length of the spina scapular branch was (4.97 ±1.68) cm and its external diameter was (2.08±0.27) mm.It constantly sent 4～ 8 periosteal branches to spina with 0.20～1.25 mm in caliber.Conclusi on The spina scapular branch of TCA is one of the main blood supplier to the spina scapular area.The spina s capular flap pedicled with spina scapular branch of TCA may provide a new operat ion for mandibular reconstruction,whose circumpoint locates at the origin of the do rsal segment and the average length of the pedicle is 10.85 cm which enough to t ransposite to mandibular area.

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