【摘要】 下丘脑有重要的体温调节作用。在下丘脑中发现了大量的P1,P2受体组。发热时,胞外的嘌呤核苷和核苷信号分子[如ATP(三磷酸腺苷),腺苷],通过作用于特殊的受体(各自的P1、P2)发挥着重要的作用。尽管降低体温的调节机制还没有完全清楚，但已显示许多细胞因子可导致或调节低体温。最近研究发现血管紧张素-Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)和它的受体参与正常体温的调节。低体温与人体疾病、健康密切相关，如在许多缺血性疾病时，降低体温可降低机体代谢从而减少缺血性的损害，反之，升高体温使病情恶化。老年人自身调节体温的能力比年轻人差，葡萄糖代谢降低可导致低体温，同时也是导致Tau(硫磺酸-神经微管相关蛋白)高磷酸化的原因之一。低体温导致部分温度调节能力弱的人发生阿尔茨海默病(AD)，同时还是引起该患者糖尿病的一个因素。因此，研究体温的调节机制及低体温对人体的影响有重要的意义。

    【关键词】 低体温；下丘脑；血管紧张素-Ⅱ；丝/苏氨酸磷蛋白磷酸酶；硫磺酸-神经微管相关蛋白

    【Abstract】 The hypothalamus plays an important role in the regulation of thermoregulation. A variety of P2 and P1 receptor subunits have been identified in the hypothalamus.Extracellular purine nucleotide and nucleoside signalling molecules, such as ATP and adenosine, acting through specific receptors (P2 and P1, respectively) play significant roles in the mechanisms underlying the febrile response. The mechanisms regulating hypothermia are not fully understood, but many cytokines have been shown to induce or modulate hypothermia. Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) has recently been reported to be involved in normal thermoregulation and fever. Hypothermia is important to our healthy and disease. Such as: hypothermia lessens ischemic brain injury whereas hyperthermia exacerbates it. Hypothermia resulting from impaired glucose metabolism may be one of the factors that contribute to hyperphosphorylation of the protein tau. Moreover, hypothermia could be an issue with diabetic patients-another population at risk for AD-who exhibit impaired thermoregulation.So it is very important to research the mechanisms regulating hypothermia and the function effecting body. ......