李婵娣?陈煜森?马晓瑭?许小冰?李嘉辉

    【摘要】血小板是从巨核细胞释放的小而无核的细胞，主要功能是止血，调节炎症，促进血栓形成，促进肿瘤的增殖、侵袭、转移以及调节免疫等，血小板活化是其发挥作用的关键，研究表明这些功能与血小板活化后释放的细胞外囊泡有关。血小板活化后释放的细胞外囊泡包括微粒和外泌体，均表现出原细胞的特性，细胞外囊泡是一种非均匀的纳米级小泡，携带遗传物质(微小RNA、信使RNA等)、酶、蛋白质和小分子，介导细胞通讯。该文就血小板来源的细胞外囊泡与疾病的相关研究进行综述，揭示其作为疾病标志物、靶向治疗的潜能。

    【关键词】血小板;细胞外囊泡;微粒;外泌体;疾病

    Research progress on platelet-derived extracellular vesicles and diseases Li Chandi， Chen Yusen， Ma Xiaotang， Xu Xiaobing， Li Jiahui. Department of Neurology， Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University， Zhanjiang 524001， China

    Corresponding author， Chen Yusen， E-mail： chenyusen925@ 163. com

    【Abstract】Platelets are small and non-nucleated cells released from the megakaryocytes， which mainly function to stop bleeding， regulate inflammation， promote thrombosis， accelerate tumor proliferation， invasion and metastasis， and regulate immunity. Platelet activation is the key to its function. Previous studies have shown that these functions are associated with extracellular vesicles released after platelet activation. The extracellular vesicles released after platelet activation ......