广州市大学生尝试自杀现况及其影响因素分析
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【摘要】 目的 了解广州市大学生尝试自杀现状及其影响因素，为高校健康教育提供理论依据。方法 采用整群随机抽样方法，用自编调查表对大学生进行问卷调查，在此基础上结合专题小组讨论的定性研究方法进行分析。结果 大学生近1 a内尝试自杀报告率为6.0%，不同性别、学校、专业的学生尝试自杀报告率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；城镇学生尝试自杀报告率为6.6%，高于农村学生的4.2%(χ2=4.71，P=0.032)。对自杀行为的态度、朋友和家人有过自杀行为、消极应对、负性生活事件等是尝试自杀的危险因素，获得社会支持是尝试自杀的保护因素。定性访谈发现，学校几乎没有开展过自杀行为的健康教育活动，绝大部分学生对自杀行为持中立态度。结论 加强健康教育、消除危险因素、提高保护因素可以最大限度地预防自杀。
【关键词】 自杀；横断面研究；因素分析，统计学；学生
【中图分类号】 R 179 R 395.6 B 846 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2007)12-1083-02
Prevalence and Its Influencing Factors of Attempted Suicide Among Students in Guangzhou/SHI Wen-juan*，MA Shao-bin，WANG Sheng-yong. * Nanhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention，Nanhai(528200)，Guangdong Province，China
【Abstract】 Objective To study prevalence of attempted suicide and its related factors among college students in Guangzhou so as to provide evidence for school health education. Methods With stratified random cluster sampling，undergraduates were investigated through self-filed questionnaire. After that，qualitative study method： focus group discussion was used to analyze the preventive measures of suicide behavior. Results 6.0% students reported they had ever attempted suicide in the latest year. No statistical difference was found between different sex，colleges or majors. Students from urban areas showed higher risk(6.6%) with attempted suicide than those from rural areas(4.2%，χ2=4.71，P=0.032). Further analysis disclosed that the risk factors included attitudes towards suicidal behavior，suicidal behavior in friends or family relatives，passive coping style and negative life events，while social support was a protective factor. Focus group discussion showed that most of the students had tolerant attitude towards the suicidal behavior and there was almost no school education in preventing suicide in their colleges. Conclusion In spite of the complexity of suicide，suicidal behavior can be prevented through reducing the risk factors and strengthening the protective factors.
【Key words】 Suicide；Cross-sectional studies；Factor analysis，statistical；Students
自杀已经成为一个世界范围内的重大公共卫生问题，且已成为整个人群第13位和14～44岁年龄段第4位的死亡原因[1] ......
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