【摘要】 目的 了解马鞍山市中学生肺结核病的发病情况，为控制肺结核病在学校中的流行提供科学依据。方法 对马鞍山市2007年中考、高考学生体检中发现的活动性肺结核病例和3 a前该批学生PPD检查结果以及随后的预防性治疗与发病情况进行统计分析。结果 学生PPD试验总阳性率为11.07%，强阳性率为5.12%。强阳性率和总阳性率均为大学新生>高一学生>初一学生。PPD试验强阳性学生自愿接受预防性治疗率为14.54%。3 a后体检，未经预防性治疗的PPD试验阳性学生肺结核检出率为5.08%，经过预防性治疗的强阳性学生肺结核检出率为0。结论 应加强PPD强阳性学生的预防性治疗，防止结核病在学校爆发流行。

    【关键词】 结核菌素试验；结核，肺；患病率；学生

    【中图分类号】 R 179 G 478.2 R 521 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2008)03-0246-02

    Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Positive Cases of PPD Test Among Students/ZHANG Shu-jin. Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Maanshan,Maanshan (243011), Anhui Province, China

    【Abstract】 Objective To study the prevalence of pulmonary TB in middle school students in Maanshan city, and to provide a scientific bases for the epidemics of TB in schools. Methods The active pulmonary TB cases, which were discovered during the medical examination of students for high school and college entrance examination in 2007, and PPD test result and the later precautionary treatment in the same populations 3 years earlier were analyzed. Results The total positive rate of PPD test was 11.07% and the strong-positive cases of PPD test received the precautionary treatment of their own accords. In the results of physical examination for the strong-positive PPD cases after 3 years, the positive rate was 5.08% in the students who had not received precautionary treatment and none was found among those who had received precautionary treatment. Conclusion In order to prevent the outbreak of tuberculosis in schools, the precautionary treatment should be enhanced among storng-positive of PPD students. ......