中学生地震创伤后应激障碍发生情况及其影响因素分析(1)
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【摘要】 目的 了解“5•12”地震后灾区中学生的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的发生率和影响因素，为青少年灾后精神卫生问题预防工作提供依据。方法 采用多级整群非随机抽样方法，有效样本为来自地震灾区2个县的3所初中和1所高中的1253名学生。采用复合性国际诊断问卷(Comprehensive International Diagnostic Interview, CIDI)中PTSD模块内容，采用一对一面谈的方式对所有调查对象进行调查，根据DSM-Ⅳ中PTSD诊断标准进行诊断，并记录一般人口学资料。结果 地震后5个月，PTSD的发生率为10.21%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，进入方程有统计学意义的变量有少数民族(β= 0.62, P=0.00, OR=1.86)、亲属伤亡(β= 0.83, P=0.00, OR=2.29)和重度财产损失(β= 0.98, P=0.02, OR=2.67)，少数民族、有亲属伤亡、存在重度财产损失的个体PTSD危险性高。结论 地震发生后5个月中学生中PTSD现患率高，中学生灾难特定相关精神卫生问题应引起足够重视和长期关注，灾后心理重建工作仍应继续加强。
【关键词】 应激障碍，创伤后；回归分析；学生；自然灾害
【中图分类号】 R 395.6 B 844.2 P 65 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)11-1328-02
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Among Middle School Students Exposed to the Wenchuan Earthquake：prevalence and associated factors/CAO Ri-fang，ZHAO Guo-qiu，WANG Yi-Qiang，et al. Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention，Hangzhou(310006)，China
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the prevalence and predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the middle school students affected by Wenchuan earthquake. MethodsTotally 1 253 students of 33 classes were chosen from three junior high and one senior high school of two counties suffered the earthquake directly according to multi-stage cluster non-random sampling method. All the information was collected by face-to-face interview. The interview was designed to include socio-demographic data, characteristic feature, family history of mental disorder, variables about the events and PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder)diagnostic interview based on Comprehensive International diagnostic Interview (CIDI). ResultsFive months after the earthquake, the prevalence of PTSD in the past month was 10.21%. Logistic regression indicated that the ASD diagnosis was predicted by minority (β= 0.62, P=0.00, OR=1.86), the condition of casualties of family members (β= 0.83, P=0.00, OR=2.29), and the condition of sharp properties loss (β= 0.98, P=0.02, OR=2.67). ConclusionFive months after the earthquake, the prevalence of PTSD among middle school students expose the Wenchuan earthquake is quite high ......
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