基于患者口服用药关注内容调查的221份中成药说明书分析(1)
中圖分类号 R288；R195 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2018)02-0272-04
DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2018.02.30
摘 要 目的：为更好地完善中成药说明书提供参考。方法：随机抽取某“三甲”医院的门诊患者，就其口服用药时对中成药说明书内容的关注度进行问卷调查，并根据调查结果对221份中成药说明书中患者所关注的内容标注情况进行统计、分析和评分。结果：共发放问卷515份，回收有效问卷498份，有效回收率为96.7%。问卷调查结果显示，受访患者对用法用量关注度最高(92.4%)，其次为注意事项和禁忌(88.0%和70.3%)，之后是药物相互作用、孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药、儿童用药和老年用药(56.2%、46.4%、45.2%和42.4%)。221份中成药说明书在服药方法(用法用量)的描述中，明确标注服药次数的有203份(91.9%)，明确标注服药剂量的有160份(72.4%)，明确标注服药疗程的有36份(16.3%)；在服药禁忌(注意事项、禁忌、孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药、儿童用药和老年用药)的描述中，明确标注人群禁忌的有124份(56.1%)，明确标注症状禁忌的有82份(37.1%)，明确标注饮食禁忌的有71份(32.1%)。221份中成药说明书评分情况统计显示，评分为6分的说明书最多，有52份；其次是评分为8分的说明书，有47份；而评分为满分(12分)的说明书仅有4份。结论：目前的中成药说明书对于患者关注度最高的服药方法相关内容的标注情况相对较好，尤其在服药次数方面其指导性基本能达到要求；而对于患者关注度仅次于服药方法的服药禁忌相关内容的标注情况不理想，其指导性尚待提高。
关键词 中成药说明书；口服用药；关注内容；调查；分析
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for the improvement of Chinese patent medicine instruction. METHODS： The outpatients were selected randomly from a Third Grade Class A hospital. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the attention degree of the outpatients to Chinese patent medicine instructions when taking medicine orally. The concern content label of patients in 221 Chinese patent medicine instructions were counted， analyzed and graded according to survey results. RESULTS： A total of 515 questionnaires were distributed， and 498 effective questionnaires were collected with effective recovery rate of 96.7%. The results of questionnaire survey showed that the highest concern from the patients was usage and dosage (92.4%)， followed by attentions and taboos (88.0%， 70.3%). The following items were drug interaction， pregnant and lactating women medication， children medication and the elderly medication (56.2%， 46.4%， 45.2%， 42.4%). Among the description of medication methods (usage and dosage) in 221 Chinese patent medicine instructions， 203 prescriptions clearly marked medication times (91.9%)， 160 clearly marked drug dosage (72.4%) and 36 clearly marked medication course (16.3%). In matters of taboos (attentions， taboos， pregnant and lactating women medication， children medication and the elderly medication)， 124 prescriptions clearly marked population taboos (56.1%)， 82 clearly marked symptom taboos (37.1%) and 71 clearly marked diet taboos (32.1%). According to the scoring statistics of 221 Chinese patent medicine instructions， there were 52 instructions with score of 6， followed by 47 instructions with score of 8； there were only 4 instructions with full score (12). CONCLUSIONS： At present， related contents of medication methods highly concerned by the patients are well marked in Chinese patent medicine instructions， especially its guidance is basically able to meet the requirements in respect of medication times. The related contents of medication taboos， which is next only to attention degree of medication methods by patients， is poorly marked. Its guidance remains to be improved.(李辛未 廖晖 宋建波 柴丽清 晋毅 李嘉睿 阎爱荣)