这些移民一旦到来，就要克服许多经济、语言和文化障碍才能稳定下来。在此之后，许多人挤到一个街区里——纽约下东城。他们挤在廉价的出租屋里过夜，在工厂劳动或在街头以贩卖谋生。新来的人在尽一切可能地适应新国家的同时，也不同程度地保持各自故土的行为方式和传统。

    Working and living conditions were often terrible due to lack of regulating laws. Even children worked long hours for little pay in unsafe conditions. A few outspoken reformers - and a terrible factory fire in 1911 that claimed 146 lives - aroused New Yorkers' sense of outrage and led to a series of important reforms in housing, health, and labor for the immigrants.

    由于缺少规范的法律 ......