张婧 彭海涛

    【摘 要】我国幅员辽阔，不同地方之间的气候差异十分明显，其中国内北方地区的气候特征是夏热冬冷，中度寒冷暴露时，正常人可引起皮肤血管收缩，继之血管出现扩张，以维持血流灌注。轻度冻伤后会引发冻疮，冻疮患者会出现较粗的皮肤小动脉持久性痉挛收缩，较细的表浅血管持久性扩张，产生血液淤滞、局部组织缺氧，导致组织细胞受到损害。若持续时间较长，细胞内外环境改变，演变为严重冻伤，可出现血管麻痹性扩张、静脉淤血、通透性增加，血浆渗入组织间隙而引起水肿，可致永久性功能障碍，严重危害人体健康。因此，针对冻伤及时进行科学有效的治疗具有重要意义。本文对冻伤治疗药物研究进展作一综述，以期为临床选用相关冻伤药物提供一定參考。

    【关键词】药物科学；冻伤；冻疮；物理性损伤

    中图分类号：R645 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1004-4949(2023)07-0183-04

    Research Progress of Therapeutic Drugs for Frostbite

    ZHANG Jing， PENG Hai-tao

    (Department of Burn Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery， the Second Affiliated Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College/Nanchong Central Hospital， Nanchong 637000， Sichuan， China)

    【Abstract】China has a vast territory， and the climate differences between different places are very obvious. Among them， the climate characteristics of northern China are hot summer and cold winter. When exposed to moderate cold， normal people can cause skin vasoconstriction， followed by vasodilation to maintain blood perfusion. Mild cold injury can cause frostbite. Patients with frostbite will have persistent spasm and contraction of thicker skin arterioles ......