【摘要】目的 观察伪膜性肠炎在临床的误诊情况，总结临床经验教训，为进行及时有效的治疗提供依据。方法 对我院2007年至2011年入院的40例伪膜性肠炎误诊患者从年龄、性别、临床症状、抗生素使用种类、时间等方面采用回顾性总结和分析。结果 伪膜性肠炎多发生于合并有长期慢性疾病、年龄大、体质差、术后及抗生素应用不规范的老年患者。误诊疾病主要为急性细菌性痢疾，急性肠炎。结论 从详细询问病史，大便镜检，结肠镜检查，粪中细胞毒素测定，必要时进行大便细菌培养多方面综合考虑可显著提高伪膜性肠炎确诊水平，减少误诊发生。

    【关键词】伪膜性肠炎;误诊;急性肠炎;急性细菌性痢疾

    Pseudomembranous enteritis clinical misdiagnosis analysis on 40 cases

    【Abstract】Objective To observe the effect of pseudomembranous enterocolitis in clinical misdiagnosis, to summarize the clinical experience, for the effective and timely treatment. Methods in our hospital from 2007 to2011on 40cases of pseudomembranous colitis misdiagnosed patients from age, sex, clinical symptoms, type of antibiotic use, time and other aspects using retrospective summary and analysis. The results of pseudomembranous enterocolitis occurred with long-term chronic disease, old age, poor health, postoperative and antibiotic application for elderly patients. Misdiagnosis for acute bacillary dysentery, acute enteritis. Conclusion from the detailed history-taking, fecal microscopic examination, colonoscopy, fecal cell toxin determination, necessary stool bacterial culture many aspects considered can significantly improve the diagnosis level of pseudomembranous enterocolitis, reduce misdiagnosis. ......