The Determination of the Minimum Safe Level of Interleukin 10IL—10 in (4)
Also， TB is not the only disease in which IL-10 suppresses the immune response to pathogens. Previous studies in 2007 and 2012 have showed that IL-10 produced by IFN-g+ Th1 cellsis downregulate the immune response against some infections， especially protozoa infections such as toxoplasmosis (22)， leishmaniasis (23)， and malaria(24).
Based on these results， it is reasonable to speculate that an inhibitor of IL-10 may enhance immune response in Mtb infections， therefore may be a potential good adjuvant to co-implement with vaccines or anti-tuberculosis drugs.
, 百拇医药
Current Research Development
Currently， scientists have illustrated the usage of inhibiting IL-10 in TB infection. Using IL-10 reporter mice， Lúcia Moreira-Teixeiraet. al. found that both innate immune cells like monocytes， neutrophils， NK cells，and adaptive immune cells like T cells and B cells can produce IL-10 after the injection of hypervirulent W.BeijingMtbstrain HN878.The authors used WT， Il102/2， Il10fl/flLysMCre+， Il10fl/fl CD4-Cre+， Il10fl/fl CD11c-Cre+， and Il10fl/fl CD19-Cre+ mice and respective Cre2 littermate controls in the experiment. Then， the authors compared the number of Mtb in their lungs after infected with M. tuberculosis HN878 to determine whether the immune system was suppressed.
, 百拇医药
Although monocytes stand for the most portion of IL-10 production post-injection， about 70% 7 days after injection andabout 50% 21 days after injection， this study has showed that the blockage of IL-10 production in monocytes did not enhance the protection in Mtb infections， which is discovered by no significant decrease of total bacteria number. T-cells derived IL-10， especially CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells derived IL-10， is the real cause of immunosuppression in Mtb infection， because after blocked the ability of T cells to product IL-10， the number of bacteria decreased significantly(25).
, http://www.100md.com
One of the major concerns about applying IL-10 inhibitor in TB treatment is the risk of causing self-immune disease such as chronic enteritis. However， an August 2017 research showed that the side effect of inhibiting IL-10 for a short period of time， such as when injecting immunization doses， may not be that serious. The authors used two different antigens， OVA and HPV16E7 long peptide as the immunogen in non-obese diabetic(DOB) mice to test the efficacy of blocking IL-10 in tumor treatment. The authors found that immunization with papilloma virus like particles， a TLR4 receptor stimulator， plus blocking IL-10 signaling， which can inhibit the IL-10 signaling in mice， did not increase the incidence of diabetes in DOB mice(P=0.6).This result suggests that implying IL-10 inhibitor when inject vaccines may be safe. Maybe this is because IL-10 signaling is blocked for only a short period of time(26)., http://www.100md.com(ChangTai. Li)
Based on these results， it is reasonable to speculate that an inhibitor of IL-10 may enhance immune response in Mtb infections， therefore may be a potential good adjuvant to co-implement with vaccines or anti-tuberculosis drugs.
, 百拇医药
Current Research Development
Currently， scientists have illustrated the usage of inhibiting IL-10 in TB infection. Using IL-10 reporter mice， Lúcia Moreira-Teixeiraet. al. found that both innate immune cells like monocytes， neutrophils， NK cells，and adaptive immune cells like T cells and B cells can produce IL-10 after the injection of hypervirulent W.BeijingMtbstrain HN878.The authors used WT， Il102/2， Il10fl/flLysMCre+， Il10fl/fl CD4-Cre+， Il10fl/fl CD11c-Cre+， and Il10fl/fl CD19-Cre+ mice and respective Cre2 littermate controls in the experiment. Then， the authors compared the number of Mtb in their lungs after infected with M. tuberculosis HN878 to determine whether the immune system was suppressed.
, 百拇医药
Although monocytes stand for the most portion of IL-10 production post-injection， about 70% 7 days after injection andabout 50% 21 days after injection， this study has showed that the blockage of IL-10 production in monocytes did not enhance the protection in Mtb infections， which is discovered by no significant decrease of total bacteria number. T-cells derived IL-10， especially CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells derived IL-10， is the real cause of immunosuppression in Mtb infection， because after blocked the ability of T cells to product IL-10， the number of bacteria decreased significantly(25).
, http://www.100md.com
One of the major concerns about applying IL-10 inhibitor in TB treatment is the risk of causing self-immune disease such as chronic enteritis. However， an August 2017 research showed that the side effect of inhibiting IL-10 for a short period of time， such as when injecting immunization doses， may not be that serious. The authors used two different antigens， OVA and HPV16E7 long peptide as the immunogen in non-obese diabetic(DOB) mice to test the efficacy of blocking IL-10 in tumor treatment. The authors found that immunization with papilloma virus like particles， a TLR4 receptor stimulator， plus blocking IL-10 signaling， which can inhibit the IL-10 signaling in mice， did not increase the incidence of diabetes in DOB mice(P=0.6).This result suggests that implying IL-10 inhibitor when inject vaccines may be safe. Maybe this is because IL-10 signaling is blocked for only a short period of time(26)., http://www.100md.com(ChangTai. Li)