盐都区某镇儿童麻疹病毒抗体监测结果分析
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2010年7月1日
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【摘要】目的通过对儿童麻疹抗体水平监测,为制定控制或消灭麻疹措施提供科学依据。方法随机抽取盐都区某镇常住及外来人口0～15周岁儿童442人,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(EL ISA)检测麻疹IgG抗体。结果442名儿童抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)1:458;抗体滴度≥1:800的比例为50.9%;<1岁组与1～4岁组麻疹抗体水平差异有显著性 (x2=14.74,p<0.01), 根据平滑均数法提示抗体阳性率与年龄分组存在先上升后下降的关系;有麻疹疫苗接种史与无接种史抗体水平差异有显著性 (x2=3.24,p<0.01)。结论某镇大年龄儿童麻疹抗体水平较低,应有针对性地加强麻疹疫苗接种工作,达到保护易感人群,控制麻疹的目的。
【关键词】儿童麻疹抗体监测
中图分类号:R446.62 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-0515(2010)07-039-03
Analysis on surveillance results of measles antibodyof children in a certain town in Yandu District
【Abstract】Objective To provide a scientific basis for developing measures to control or eliminate measles by monitoring the levels of measles antibody in children. Methods The 442 samples were extracted randomly from resident and native population of 0 to 15 years old children in a certain town in Yandu District. We used enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect measles IgG antibody levels. Results The geometric mean antibody titer (GMT) of the 442 children is 1:458, and the percentage of which with an antibody titer > or = 1:800 is 50.9%. There is a significant difference for the measles antibody levels between <1-year-old group and 1 to 4 age group (x2=14.74, p<0.01), and the mean smoothing method shows that with the increasing of age the positive rate of antibody increases first and then decreases. The antibody levels of the children vaccinated against measles are significantly different from the ones of who were not vaccinated (x2=3.24,p<0.01). Conclusions The older children in the town have lower levels of measles antibody, and it is necessary to enhance measles vaccination targetedly for protecting susceptible population and controlling measles.
【Key words】Children Measles antibody Surveillance
麻疹是由麻疹病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病,经密切呼吸接触和飞沫传播,是儿童常见传染病之一[1]。自上世纪80年代由于计划免疫工作深入开展,某镇麻疹发病率较前有大幅度下降,但近年来局部地区的散发或爆发时有发生,特别是大年龄组儿童和成人的发病率明显增高。为了解某镇儿童麻疹免疫水平,于2008年9月～10月对某镇常住及外来人口子女的442名0～15岁儿童进行麻疹抗体监测。现将调查结果分析报告如下。
1对象与方法
1.1调查对象及样本采集采用分层随机抽样法抽取某镇0～15岁儿童442人,各年龄组调查人数不少于40人,用毛细管采集每人末梢血0.3 ml分离血清备用。
1.2试验方法及试剂血清IgG抗体检测采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),试剂购自中国预防医学科学院病毒所,抗体<1∶200为阴性,≥1∶200为阳性。
表1某镇不同年龄儿童麻疹抗体水平
年龄组
(岁)检测人数抗体滴度(例)阳性率GMT
1:
<1:2001:2001:8001:32001:12800总>1:800
<140128127170.0050.00443.8
146518148189.1150.00501.1
242220164095.2347.60317.4
343317148193.0253.50552.1
440415129090.0052.50527.2
5～642513195088.0957.10478.6
7～840614119085.0052.40492.4
9～1044718109084.0943.20432.5
11～12407111110182.5055.00575.5
13～1545913156281.5651.10481.1
合计4426014713475685.7850.90458.0
表2某镇各年龄组儿童麻疹抗体阳性率比较 ......
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