气囊助产的临床研究及效果分析(1)
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【摘要】目的:探讨气囊助产作为计划分娩的催产、引产,这一崭新技术手术在产科的应用价值。方法:随机选择初产妇180例,观察组90例(应用气囊助产),正常分娩姐90例。观察两组产妇的产程、分娩方式及围产情况。结果观察组的第一、二产程与产后出血量;阴道分娩率大大提高、剖宫产率降低、新生儿1min Apgar评分、产后2h出血量及母乳喂养情况与正常分娩组相比有统计学差异(P<0.05);宫颈撕伤率、产后感染率两组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论气囊助产术可明显缩短产程,减少产妇疼痛,降低软产道损伤,使阴道分娩率增加,降低剖宫产率,减少产后出血和产后尿潴留。
【关键词】气囊助产;总产程;分娩结局;产后出血量
Balloon midwifery and effect of clinical research
ChenFengling ChangCunjie
【Abstract】 ObjectiveMidwifery as a program of balloon delivery oxytocin, labor induction, this new technology's value in obstetric surgery.Methods 180 cases randomly selected primipara, the observation group 90 cases (Application airbags midwifery), 90 cases of normal birth sister. Observed maternal labor, mode of delivery and perinatal conditions.Results of the observation group the first and second stages of labor and postpartum hemorrhage; greatly increased rate of vaginal delivery, cesarean section rate decreased, neonatal 1min Apgar score, postpartum and breastfeeding situation 2h amount of bleeding compared with normal delivery were significantly different (P<0.05); cervical tear injury rate of postpartum infection was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion balloon midwifery can shorten the birth process, the reduction of maternal pain, reduce soft birth canal injury, increase vaginal delivery rate and reduce the cesarean section rate, reducing postpartum hemorrhage and postpartum urinary retention.
【Key words】Airbag midwifery; total production process; birth outcomes; postpartum bleeding
【中图分类号】R366 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1005-0515(2011)07-0007-02
随着社会的发表和科学技术的进步,优生已成为人口素质提高的重要举措。也日益受到社会的重视,是医务工作者所必须承担和解决的重要问题。 气囊助产是近年来一种产科新技术,采用机械扩张宫口及阴道的原理,加速产程进展。我院自1996年引进一种全自动电脑控制的气囊助产仪,对产妇进行气囊扩张宫颈及阴道,不仅缩短了产程,而且提高了阴道分娩率,降低了会阴裂伤率及围产儿病死率,取得了满意效果。现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料:选择我院2007年7月~2008年3月住院分娩的初产妇,年龄20~33岁,孕周36~42周,单胎头位,无头盆不称,无骨产道及软产道异常,无严重内科合并症,无胎膜早破、阴道炎等。宫颈Bishop评分≥6分;胎心监护正常,共180例。将上述产妇随机分为观察组90例,正常分娩组90例。两组产妇的年龄、产次、孕周、胎儿的大小与观察组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。观察组应用气囊助产,正常分娩组正常分娩组不使用。
1.2 使用方法:观察组:初产妇宫口开大3cm进入分娩室后,对产妇做好术前心理护理,并说明术中可能出现的不适感,以取得产妇的配合和合作,并嘱其排空膀胱,取膀胱截石位,常规用碘伏棉球消毒外阴及阴道,铺无菌孔巾,放置窥器暴露宫颈,用碘伏棉球消毒宫颈后用宫颈钳固定宫颈前唇,将气囊棒之气囊部放置于宫颈口内。接通助产仪电源选择下列参数,①气囊直径:扩张宫颈60~70mm,扩张阴道80~90mm;②充气速度:慢速;③保持时间:扩张宫颈4min,扩张阴道5min;④气缸压力:30kPa。以上参数扩张宫颈2次,再扩张阴道3次之后,未破膜者无头盆不称,胎头已入盆,行人工破膜,了解羊水情况 ......
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