摘 要 目的：了解和验证结直肠癌筛查方案在社区居民中实施的有效性。方法：采用问卷调查和免疫法大便潜血试验(fecal occult blood test，FOBT)对65岁以上2 085名常住居民进行初筛，对其中阳性的高危个体建议采用结肠镜进行复查。结果：初筛阳性501例，其中问卷调查阳性460例(22.1%)，FOBT阳性32例(1.5%)，两者均阳性9例(0.4%)，初筛高危人群浓集率为24.0%。501例中127例接受结肠镜复查，受检率25.3%，检出结直肠癌5例(0.24%)，癌前病变60例，占2.88%，其中腺瘤伴中度异型增生4例，结直肠息肉50例，结肠黑病变6例。结论：采用问卷调查和FOBT法联合筛查方案可明显缩小重点人群范围，并可广泛应用于社区结直肠癌的初筛。

    关键词 结直肠肿瘤 筛查 检出率

    中图分类号：R735.3+4 文献标识码：B 文章编号：1006-1533(2015)06-0023-03

    ABSTRACT Objective： To understand and verify the effectiveness of the implementation of the colorectal cancer screening program in the community residents. Methods： A questionnaire survey and immunoassay fecal occult blood test ( FOBT) were used to screen 2 085 residents aged over 65 years primarily and the colonoscopy for review was suggested for the high risk positive individuals among them. Results： Five hundred and one positive cases were found in the primary screening ......