何静怡 王富博 侯建全

    摘 要 细胞外囊泡中包含着由细胞分泌的各种生物分子，其具有脂质双层封闭结构，作为一种细胞间的通信介质，能将生物活性分子转移到受体细胞，导致遗传信息交换和受体细胞重编程，参与多种生理和病理过程。肿瘤细胞能分泌过量的细胞外囊泡，传递致癌蛋白和核酸组分到靶细胞，进而诱导正常细胞癌变，促进新生血管形成，提高肿瘤细胞的迁徙和侵袭能力等；也能与包括免疫细胞和基质细胞在内的肿瘤微环境中的其他细胞进行多方面的相互作用，协助肿瘤细胞逃避免疫监视，促进肿瘤细胞生态位的形成，影响肿瘤的发生、进展和转移。本文概要介绍细胞外囊泡在肿瘤复发和转移中作用的研究进展。

    关键词 细胞外囊泡 肿瘤转移 免疫抑制 肿瘤微环境

    中图分类号：R73-37 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533(2021)21-0062-05

    Research advances on the role of extracellular vesicles in tumor recurrence and metastasis

    HE Jingyi1， WANG Fubo2， HOU Jianquan1

    [1. Department of Urology， the First Hospital affiliated to Suzhou University， Suzhou 215006， China； 2. Department of Urology， the First Hospital affiliated to Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changhai Hospital)， Shanghai 200433， China]

    ABSTRACT Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have a lipid bilayer closed structure containing various biological molecules secreted by cells. As a medium of intercellular communication， EVs can transfer bioactive molecules to recipient cells， leading the exchange of genetic information and reprogramming of recipient cells and participating in various physiological and pathological processes. Tumor cells can secrete excessive EVs and deliver carcinogenic proteins and nucleic acid components to the target cells ......