人工股骨头置换术治疗转子间骨折的效果研究(1)
摘要:目的 本文主要探讨人工股骨头置换术治疗转子间骨折的效果。方法 选取转子间骨折患者共计149例,根据治疗方法不同将149例患者分为A、B、C三组分别实施动力髋螺钉固定术(DHS)、防旋股骨近端髓内钉固定术(PHNA)、人工股骨头置换术。结果 A、C组患者的手术时间均比B组要长,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);C组患者的卧床时间相较于A、B两组更短,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);出血量A组多于B组,但少于C组;C组患者在术后3、6、9个月的Harris得分高于A组和B组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);A、B、C三组的治疗效果优良率分别为73.5%、82.0%、96.0%,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 采用人工股骨头置换术安全性高、治疗效果好,值得进行临床推广和应用。
关键词:人工股骨头置换术;DHS;PHNA;治疗效果
Effect of Artificial Femoral Head Replacement for Intertrochanteric Fractures
, 百拇医药
GONG Xiao-dong,LIU Yong
(Department of Orthopedics,Yingshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yingshan 637700,Sichuan,China)
Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of artificial femoral head replacement in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures.Methods A total of 149 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were selected.149 patients were divided into A,B and C groups according to different treatment methods. Dynamic hip screw fixation(DHS),anti-rotation proximal femoral nail fixation(PHNA),Artificial femoral head replacement.Results The time of operation in group A and C was longer than that in group B(P<0.05).The time of bed rest in group C was shorter than that in group A and B,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the amount of bleeding in group A was higher than that in group B,but less than group C;Harris score of group C was higher than that of group A and group B at 3,6 and 9 months after operation(P<0.05).The excellent and good rate of treatment was 73.5%, 82.0% and 96.0% in group A,B and C,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Artificial femoral head replacement with high safety,good therapeutic effect,worthy of clinical promotion and application.
, 百拇医药
Key words:Artificial femoral head replacement;DHS;PHNA;Therapeutic effect
股骨转子间骨折(intertrochanteric fractures of femur)是指股骨颈基底至小转子水平以上部位发生的骨折,属于老年人比较常见的损伤,由于转子间部位血液循环较为丰富,骨折后极少不愈合[1]。造成转子间骨折的常见原因为直接或间接暴力,同时,此处为骨囊性病变的好发部位之一,因此也可发生病理性骨折。转子间骨折的症状为:伤后转子区出现疼痛,肿胀、淤血斑、下肢活动受限,检查发现转子间压痛,下肢外旋畸形明显,可达90°,有轴向叩击痛,测量可发现下肢短缩。转子间骨折患者多采用卧床休息进行治疗,但长期卧床,可能会产生褥疮、泌尿系统感染和血栓等并发症,为了提高患者的生活质量,采用手术方式治疗越来越被临床重视。本研究主要探讨人工股骨头置换术治疗转子间骨折的效果[2]。
1資料与方法
, http://www.100md.com
1.1一般资料 选取2013年1月~2016年1月来我院进行手术治疗的转子间骨折患者共计149例,其中男72例,年龄69~75岁,平均年龄(72.87±3.24)岁,女77例,年龄67~76岁,平均年龄(73.09±2.98)岁。根据治疗方法不同将149例患者分为A、B、C三组,三组患者人数分别为49例、50例、50例,分别实施动力髋螺钉固定术(DHS)、防旋股骨近端髓内钉固定术(PHNA)、人工股骨头置换术(50例)。3组患者的性别、年龄的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
1.2研究方法 患者入院后卧床休息,做好手术前的准备及评估。手术前30 min静脉滴注抗生素。①DHS固定术 通过股骨颈内拉力螺钉的滑动力加压力作用和侧方套简的钢板使股骨头颈段与骨干固为一体。②PHNF固定式 把大粗隆顶点作为进针点,先将导针插入,再沿导针进行扩髓,旋入PHNF主针到合适位置,插入股骨颈内导针到关节面下0.5~1.0 cm,扩张外侧皮质,将适宜长度螺旋刀片置于解锁状态后直接打入已标记的深度,锁定螺旋刀片,置入远端锁定螺钉。③人工股骨头置换术:采用外侧手术入路。对股骨距完整者,可保留股骨距1.5 cm左右行股骨颈截骨;对股骨距不完整者,于股骨头关节面下1 cm处截断股骨颈。髋臼锉锉去髋臼软骨,保留软骨下骨板,置髋臼假体外展45°、前屈10°左右固定。三组患者都在手术后第二天开始进行行股四头肌等长锻炼。根据患者的全身情况决定何时开始肢体关节的主动活动和被动活动,以及下床活动时间和负重时间。, 百拇医药(龚小东 刘勇)
关键词:人工股骨头置换术;DHS;PHNA;治疗效果
Effect of Artificial Femoral Head Replacement for Intertrochanteric Fractures
, 百拇医药
GONG Xiao-dong,LIU Yong
(Department of Orthopedics,Yingshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yingshan 637700,Sichuan,China)
Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of artificial femoral head replacement in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures.Methods A total of 149 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were selected.149 patients were divided into A,B and C groups according to different treatment methods. Dynamic hip screw fixation(DHS),anti-rotation proximal femoral nail fixation(PHNA),Artificial femoral head replacement.Results The time of operation in group A and C was longer than that in group B(P<0.05).The time of bed rest in group C was shorter than that in group A and B,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the amount of bleeding in group A was higher than that in group B,but less than group C;Harris score of group C was higher than that of group A and group B at 3,6 and 9 months after operation(P<0.05).The excellent and good rate of treatment was 73.5%, 82.0% and 96.0% in group A,B and C,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Artificial femoral head replacement with high safety,good therapeutic effect,worthy of clinical promotion and application.
, 百拇医药
Key words:Artificial femoral head replacement;DHS;PHNA;Therapeutic effect
股骨转子间骨折(intertrochanteric fractures of femur)是指股骨颈基底至小转子水平以上部位发生的骨折,属于老年人比较常见的损伤,由于转子间部位血液循环较为丰富,骨折后极少不愈合[1]。造成转子间骨折的常见原因为直接或间接暴力,同时,此处为骨囊性病变的好发部位之一,因此也可发生病理性骨折。转子间骨折的症状为:伤后转子区出现疼痛,肿胀、淤血斑、下肢活动受限,检查发现转子间压痛,下肢外旋畸形明显,可达90°,有轴向叩击痛,测量可发现下肢短缩。转子间骨折患者多采用卧床休息进行治疗,但长期卧床,可能会产生褥疮、泌尿系统感染和血栓等并发症,为了提高患者的生活质量,采用手术方式治疗越来越被临床重视。本研究主要探讨人工股骨头置换术治疗转子间骨折的效果[2]。
1資料与方法
, http://www.100md.com
1.1一般资料 选取2013年1月~2016年1月来我院进行手术治疗的转子间骨折患者共计149例,其中男72例,年龄69~75岁,平均年龄(72.87±3.24)岁,女77例,年龄67~76岁,平均年龄(73.09±2.98)岁。根据治疗方法不同将149例患者分为A、B、C三组,三组患者人数分别为49例、50例、50例,分别实施动力髋螺钉固定术(DHS)、防旋股骨近端髓内钉固定术(PHNA)、人工股骨头置换术(50例)。3组患者的性别、年龄的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
1.2研究方法 患者入院后卧床休息,做好手术前的准备及评估。手术前30 min静脉滴注抗生素。①DHS固定术 通过股骨颈内拉力螺钉的滑动力加压力作用和侧方套简的钢板使股骨头颈段与骨干固为一体。②PHNF固定式 把大粗隆顶点作为进针点,先将导针插入,再沿导针进行扩髓,旋入PHNF主针到合适位置,插入股骨颈内导针到关节面下0.5~1.0 cm,扩张外侧皮质,将适宜长度螺旋刀片置于解锁状态后直接打入已标记的深度,锁定螺旋刀片,置入远端锁定螺钉。③人工股骨头置换术:采用外侧手术入路。对股骨距完整者,可保留股骨距1.5 cm左右行股骨颈截骨;对股骨距不完整者,于股骨头关节面下1 cm处截断股骨颈。髋臼锉锉去髋臼软骨,保留软骨下骨板,置髋臼假体外展45°、前屈10°左右固定。三组患者都在手术后第二天开始进行行股四头肌等长锻炼。根据患者的全身情况决定何时开始肢体关节的主动活动和被动活动,以及下床活动时间和负重时间。, 百拇医药(龚小东 刘勇)
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