提高痰标本细菌学检验与临床感染符合率的对策(1)
摘要：目的 探讨提高痰标本细菌学检验与临床感染符合率的对策，改善痰标本采集质量，提高相关疾病的诊治水平。方法 选取我院收治的100例慢性支气管炎患者为观察对象，将其分为两组，每组50例。一组为常规组，以自然咳痰法采集痰培养标本；另一组为观察组，以痰标本细菌学改良法采集培养痰标本。对两组患者的痰标本合格率和阳性率进行对比观察。结果 观察组患者的痰标本合格率和阳性率均高于常规组，改良效果明显，结果对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 痰标本采集合格率低是导致痰液临床符合率差的主要原因，高效的痰标本采集方法是提高痰标本合格率的有效途径，注重痰标本采集方法的改进是提高痰标本细菌学检验与临床感染符合率对策的思路。
关键词：痰标本；采集方法；细菌学检验；感染符合率
Abstract：Objective To improve the clinical infection and sputum bacteriological inspection accuracy measures，improve the quality of sputum sampling， improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.Methods 100 cases of chronic bronchitis patients in our hospital as the observation object，it can be divided into two groups，50 cases in each group.One group is control group，natural expectoration collection of sputum culture specimens；the other group was the observation group，and the sputum specimens were collected by spirometry specimens.The compliance rate and positive rate of sputum specimens were compared between the two groups.Results The qualified rate and positive rate of sputum specimens in the observation group were higher than those in the conventional group，the improvement effect was obvious，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The low rate of sputum sampling is the main reason for the poor clinical coincidence rate of sputum.The effective method of collecting sputum is an effective way to improve the qualified rate of sputum specimens.The improvement of sputum specimen collection method is to improve the bacteriological test of sputum thinking on the coincidence rate of clinical infection.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words：Sputum specimens；Collection methods；Bacteriological tests；Infection rate
下呼吸道感染的病原多為细菌和真菌， 是比较常见的感染性疾病，对该病的治疗以抗生素为主，但是在选择有效的抗生素予以治疗前须明确引起感染的病原体[1]，再进行合理选择从而提高临床疗效。痰标本进行细菌学检验是明确病原的有效方法之一，但在痰标本采集中易受到上呼吸道大量的正常定植菌的污染，严重影响病原的准确判断，导致痰标本细菌学检验与临床感染符合率并不高，滋生许多滥用抗生素的情况，对患者的治疗极为不利[2]。本文结合实验研究对影响痰标本细菌学检验与临床感染符合率的因素和应对方法进行探讨，以提高痰标本细菌学检验结果与临床感染的符合率，提升治疗效果，现报告如下。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料 选取我院收治的100例慢性支气管炎患者为观察对象，将其分为两组，每组50例。一组为常规组，其中男性患者30例，女性20例，年龄35～65岁，平均50岁，以自然咳痰法采集痰培养标本；另一组为观察组，其中男性患者28例，女性22例，年龄38～68岁，平均53岁，以痰标本细菌学改良法采集培养痰标本。对两组患者的痰标本合格率和阳性率进行对比观察。两组患者一般资料对比结果无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。
1.2方法 常规组患者以自然咳痰法采集痰培养标本，即取清晨漱口后气管深部痰液，置于无菌器皿中于半小时内进行送检。观察组以痰标本细菌学改良法采集培养痰标本，即取清晨漱口后气管深部痰液，置于试管中，加入10～20ml的灭菌盐水，摇动数秒后，用接种环沾出沉淀的脓痰，置于无菌器皿中于30min内进行送检。试验期间采集标本数量20份/d，每组各10例，结合使用梅里埃VITEK 2 Compact 全自动细菌鉴定及药敏分析系统进行对比检测。
1.3评估指标 以两组患者的痰标本合格率和阳性率为观察指标，对两种痰标本培养方法的有效性进行对比分析。, 百拇医药(郑素珍)
关键词：痰标本；采集方法；细菌学检验；感染符合率
Abstract：Objective To improve the clinical infection and sputum bacteriological inspection accuracy measures，improve the quality of sputum sampling， improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.Methods 100 cases of chronic bronchitis patients in our hospital as the observation object，it can be divided into two groups，50 cases in each group.One group is control group，natural expectoration collection of sputum culture specimens；the other group was the observation group，and the sputum specimens were collected by spirometry specimens.The compliance rate and positive rate of sputum specimens were compared between the two groups.Results The qualified rate and positive rate of sputum specimens in the observation group were higher than those in the conventional group，the improvement effect was obvious，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The low rate of sputum sampling is the main reason for the poor clinical coincidence rate of sputum.The effective method of collecting sputum is an effective way to improve the qualified rate of sputum specimens.The improvement of sputum specimen collection method is to improve the bacteriological test of sputum thinking on the coincidence rate of clinical infection.
, http://www.100md.com
Key words：Sputum specimens；Collection methods；Bacteriological tests；Infection rate
下呼吸道感染的病原多為细菌和真菌， 是比较常见的感染性疾病，对该病的治疗以抗生素为主，但是在选择有效的抗生素予以治疗前须明确引起感染的病原体[1]，再进行合理选择从而提高临床疗效。痰标本进行细菌学检验是明确病原的有效方法之一，但在痰标本采集中易受到上呼吸道大量的正常定植菌的污染，严重影响病原的准确判断，导致痰标本细菌学检验与临床感染符合率并不高，滋生许多滥用抗生素的情况，对患者的治疗极为不利[2]。本文结合实验研究对影响痰标本细菌学检验与临床感染符合率的因素和应对方法进行探讨，以提高痰标本细菌学检验结果与临床感染的符合率，提升治疗效果，现报告如下。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料 选取我院收治的100例慢性支气管炎患者为观察对象，将其分为两组，每组50例。一组为常规组，其中男性患者30例，女性20例，年龄35～65岁，平均50岁，以自然咳痰法采集痰培养标本；另一组为观察组，其中男性患者28例，女性22例，年龄38～68岁，平均53岁，以痰标本细菌学改良法采集培养痰标本。对两组患者的痰标本合格率和阳性率进行对比观察。两组患者一般资料对比结果无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性。
1.2方法 常规组患者以自然咳痰法采集痰培养标本，即取清晨漱口后气管深部痰液，置于无菌器皿中于半小时内进行送检。观察组以痰标本细菌学改良法采集培养痰标本，即取清晨漱口后气管深部痰液，置于试管中，加入10～20ml的灭菌盐水，摇动数秒后，用接种环沾出沉淀的脓痰，置于无菌器皿中于30min内进行送检。试验期间采集标本数量20份/d，每组各10例，结合使用梅里埃VITEK 2 Compact 全自动细菌鉴定及药敏分析系统进行对比检测。
1.3评估指标 以两组患者的痰标本合格率和阳性率为观察指标，对两种痰标本培养方法的有效性进行对比分析。, 百拇医药(郑素珍)