骨肉瘤患者化疗Ⅳ度骨髓抑制的精细护理效果评价(1)

http://www.100md.com 2017年4月2日 《医学信息》 2017年第13期

     摘要：目的 探討骨肉瘤患者化疗后发生Ⅳ度骨髓抑制的精细护理方法，并评价其临床疗效。方法 收集2012年2月～2016年2月解放军第518医院骨科收治的骨肉瘤化疗后Ⅳ度骨髓抑制的患者102例，采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各51例。对照组采用化疗后骨髓抑制的常规护理方法，观察组在常规护理基础上加强精细化护理。比较两组患者临床症状及护理满意度。结果 经化疗后均出现了Ⅳ度骨髓抑制的102例患者，其中白细胞Ⅳ度减少102例，血小板Ⅳ度减少19例，同时出现白细胞和血小板Ⅳ度减少19例，不同程度发热16例，口腔溃疡7例，皮肤粘膜出血3例，呼吸道感染0例，泌尿系感染2例，不同程度疼痛13例。所有患者均顺利通过骨髓抑制期，血常规检查正常，并完成治疗。采用院方满意度测评量表评估两组患者的护理满意度，观察组患者满意度为96.35%，对照组为79.11%，观察组明显优于对照组，两组比较差异明显，具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 精细化护理是指个体化、整体化、创造性有效的护理模式。为降低化疗后骨肉瘤患者的并发症发生率，采取及时有效的精细护理措施，使患者安全、平稳的度过危险期，降低并发症发生率，提高骨肉瘤化疗的安全性和依从性。

    关键词：Ⅳ度骨髓抑制；骨肉瘤；化疗；精细护理

    中图分类号：R473.73 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1959(2017)13-0137-03

    Abstract：Objective Fine nursing degree of myelosuppression of patients with osteosarcoma after chemotherapy，and to evaluate its clinical efficacy. Methods 102 cases of bone marrow suppression IV in February 2012～February 2016 osteosarcoma chemotherapy admitted to the Department of orthopedics，the 518th Hospital of PLA after patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group of 51 patients.The control group was treated with routine nursing after bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy，and the observation group strengthened the intensive care on the basis of routine nursing.The clinical symptoms and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results After chemotherapy，there were 102 patients with grade Ⅳ myelosuppression，including 102 cases of grade Ⅳ decrease in white blood cells，19 cases of grade Ⅳ of platelets and 19 cases of grade IV decrease of white blood cells and platelets，16 cases of fever of different degrees，7 cases of oral ulcers，3 cases of skin and mucous membrane hemorrhage，0 cases of respiratory infections，2 cases of urinary tract infection，13 cases of varying degrees of pain.All patients were successfully through the bone marrow suppression period，blood routine examination and complete the treatment.Using the hospital satisfaction evaluation scale assessment of two groups of patients and nursing satisfaction，patient satisfaction of the observation group was 96.35%，79.11% in the control group，the observation group was significantly better than the control group，the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Fine care refers to individual，holistic，creative and effective nursing model.To reduce the incidence of complications of osteosarcoma after chemotherapy，to take timely and effective fine care measures to enable patients to safely and steadily through the dangerous period， reduce the incidence of complications，improve the safety and compliance of osteosarcoma chemotherapy.(李婷 赵燕霞 权冬)

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