小脑幕切开术配合大骨瓣减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤的效果分析(1)
摘 要:目的 观察颅脑重型损伤患者采用小脑幕切开术辅助下的大骨瓣减压术的治疗效果。方法 该院2017年1~12月入院的颅脑重型损伤患者80例作为主要观察对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组及对照组,每组40例。观察组采用小脑幕切开术辅助下的大骨瓣减压术,对照组采用大骨瓣减压术,对比两组患者手术前后的颅脑损伤昏迷程度(GCS)评分及术后并发症发生情况。结果 观察组患者术后GCS评分1周及4周均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率为10.00%,低于对照组37.50%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 通过小脑幕切开术配合大骨瓣减压术的治疗,重型颅脑损伤患者的GCS评分显著降低,术后并发症明显减少,是重型颅脑损伤患者的安全性高,临床效果更优的新型手术方式。
关键词:小脑幕切开术;大骨瓣减压术;重型颅脑损伤
中图分类号:R651.15 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.14.034
, 百拇医药
文章编号:1006-1959(2018)14-0116-02
Abstract:Objective To observe the effect of large bone flap decompression assisted by tentorial incision in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods 80 patients with severe craniocerebral injury admitted in our hospital from January to December 2017 were divided into observation group(n=40)and control group(n=40).The patients in the observation group were treated with the large bone flap decompression assisted by tentorial incision and the control group were treated with the large bone flap decompression.The(GCS)score of the patients before and after operation and the postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results The postoperative GCS score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at week 1 and week 4,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 10.00%,lower than that in the control group 37.50%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The GCS score of the patients with severe craniocerebral injury is significantly reduced,and the postoperative complications are significantly reduced.It is a new type of operation with higher safety and better clinical effect in severe craniocerebral injury patients.
, 百拇医药
Key words:Tentorial incision;Large bone flap decompression;Severe craniocerebral injury
重型顱脑损伤预后差,是临床危急重症之一,具有高致残率、高死亡率的特点[1]。临床主要采用大骨瓣减压术进行治疗,其主要目的是降低颅内压力,对患者预后情况影响较小,小脑幕切迹疝是颅脑重型损伤的严重并发症之一[2]。小脑幕切开术适用于可能发生小脑幕切迹疝患者[3],本研究旨在通过小脑幕切开结合大骨瓣减压术提高重型颅脑损伤患者的预后效果,对重型颅脑损伤开辟一个行之有效的手术路径。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料 选取湖北省中医院2017年1~12月就诊的颅脑重型损伤患者80例作为主要观察对象,本次研究经过医院伦理委员会批准。采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组40例,观察组男性24例,女性16例,年龄20~48岁,平均年龄(41.34±7.46)岁;颅脑损伤类型有坠落伤7例,车祸伤16例,重物击打伤17例;格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)4分16例,5分10例,6分13例,7分1例;对照组男性23例,女性17例,年龄20~48岁,平均年龄(43.04±6.56)岁,颅脑损伤类型有坠落伤8例,车祸伤15例,重物击打伤17例;格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)4分17例,5分10例,6分12例,7分1例;两组患者性别、年龄、损伤原因、GCS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2手术方法 两组患者均进行大骨瓣减压术治疗,方法如下:术前, 常规脱水、利尿治疗,取患者颧弓以上的耳屏前约1 cm 处开放手术切口至顶部中线的位置, 之后再正中线偏1 cm左右的位置开放一个切口,直到患者额头发际线内止。咬除骨瓣, 打开骨窗,前方后方及深度位置分别是颞窝、乳突前、颅窝底部,咬除蝶骨嵴窝约1/3, 于颅窝底部行40~50 mm切口,通过对患者颅脑组织及血肿部分的观察,切除坏死的脑组织。切除坏死组织后,采用生理盐水彻底冲洗,清洗干净颅内血肿,冲洗时发现出血立即电凝止血,减张缝合后抗感染及脱水支持治疗;观察组患者手术方式是在对照组的基础上,采用放出患者的脑脊液,自内而外的切开小脑幕,长度约为2~4 mm, 复位患者的嵌顿的脑组织,止血采用双击电凝方式,术后缝合切口,术后支持治疗与对照组一致。, http://www.100md.com(姜浩斌)
关键词:小脑幕切开术;大骨瓣减压术;重型颅脑损伤
中图分类号:R651.15 文献标识码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.14.034
, 百拇医药
文章编号:1006-1959(2018)14-0116-02
Abstract:Objective To observe the effect of large bone flap decompression assisted by tentorial incision in patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods 80 patients with severe craniocerebral injury admitted in our hospital from January to December 2017 were divided into observation group(n=40)and control group(n=40).The patients in the observation group were treated with the large bone flap decompression assisted by tentorial incision and the control group were treated with the large bone flap decompression.The(GCS)score of the patients before and after operation and the postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results The postoperative GCS score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at week 1 and week 4,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 10.00%,lower than that in the control group 37.50%,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The GCS score of the patients with severe craniocerebral injury is significantly reduced,and the postoperative complications are significantly reduced.It is a new type of operation with higher safety and better clinical effect in severe craniocerebral injury patients.
, 百拇医药
Key words:Tentorial incision;Large bone flap decompression;Severe craniocerebral injury
重型顱脑损伤预后差,是临床危急重症之一,具有高致残率、高死亡率的特点[1]。临床主要采用大骨瓣减压术进行治疗,其主要目的是降低颅内压力,对患者预后情况影响较小,小脑幕切迹疝是颅脑重型损伤的严重并发症之一[2]。小脑幕切开术适用于可能发生小脑幕切迹疝患者[3],本研究旨在通过小脑幕切开结合大骨瓣减压术提高重型颅脑损伤患者的预后效果,对重型颅脑损伤开辟一个行之有效的手术路径。
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料 选取湖北省中医院2017年1~12月就诊的颅脑重型损伤患者80例作为主要观察对象,本次研究经过医院伦理委员会批准。采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组40例,观察组男性24例,女性16例,年龄20~48岁,平均年龄(41.34±7.46)岁;颅脑损伤类型有坠落伤7例,车祸伤16例,重物击打伤17例;格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)4分16例,5分10例,6分13例,7分1例;对照组男性23例,女性17例,年龄20~48岁,平均年龄(43.04±6.56)岁,颅脑损伤类型有坠落伤8例,车祸伤15例,重物击打伤17例;格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)4分17例,5分10例,6分12例,7分1例;两组患者性别、年龄、损伤原因、GCS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2手术方法 两组患者均进行大骨瓣减压术治疗,方法如下:术前, 常规脱水、利尿治疗,取患者颧弓以上的耳屏前约1 cm 处开放手术切口至顶部中线的位置, 之后再正中线偏1 cm左右的位置开放一个切口,直到患者额头发际线内止。咬除骨瓣, 打开骨窗,前方后方及深度位置分别是颞窝、乳突前、颅窝底部,咬除蝶骨嵴窝约1/3, 于颅窝底部行40~50 mm切口,通过对患者颅脑组织及血肿部分的观察,切除坏死的脑组织。切除坏死组织后,采用生理盐水彻底冲洗,清洗干净颅内血肿,冲洗时发现出血立即电凝止血,减张缝合后抗感染及脱水支持治疗;观察组患者手术方式是在对照组的基础上,采用放出患者的脑脊液,自内而外的切开小脑幕,长度约为2~4 mm, 复位患者的嵌顿的脑组织,止血采用双击电凝方式,术后缝合切口,术后支持治疗与对照组一致。, http://www.100md.com(姜浩斌)