PFNA治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的手术技巧及失误分析(1)
摘 要:目的 分析PFNA治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的手术技巧,并对失误情况进行分析。方法 选择2012年1月~2017年6月我院共收治176例股骨转子间骨折患者,其中98例行PFNA内固定治疗。总结手术过程中的技巧,并分析其失误原因。结果98例患者中行切开复位19例,闭合复位例79例,骨折均一期愈合。至随访结束,2例患者出现轻度髋内翻,3例出现轻度患肢短缩,1例出现锁钉失败。根据髋关节功能Harris评分,优良率86.73%。结论 PFNA治疗老年股骨转子间骨折能够取得较好的治療效果,需要医生在手术中进行细致手术,预防手术失误的发生。
关键词:PFNA;股骨;骨折
中图分类号:R687.3 文献标识码:B DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.15.062
文章编号:1006-1959(2018)15-0183-02
, http://www.100md.com
Surgical Technique and Error Analysis of PFNA in the Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures in the Elderly
GE Zhan-yong,Li Xue-han
(Department of Orthopaedics,Xianshuigu Hospital,Jinnan District,Tianjin 300350,China)
Abstract:Objective To analyze the surgical technique of PFNA in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly,and to analyze the errors.Methods From January 2012 to June 2017,176 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were treated in our hospital,98 patients underwent PFNA internal fixation.Summarize the skills during the surgery and analyze the causes of the errors.Results Among the 98 patients,19 underwent open reduction and 79 underwent closed reduction,and the fractures healed in the first stage.By the end of follow-up,2 patients had mild hip varus,3 patients had mild limb shortening,and 1 patient had failed to lock the nail.According to the Harris scores of hip function,the excellent and good rate was 86.73%.Conclusion PFNA can achieve better therapeutic effect in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.It is necessary for doctors to perform detailed surgery during surgery to prevent the occurrence of surgical errors.
, 百拇医药
Key words:PFNA;Femur;Fracture
目前股骨近端防旋型髓内钉(proximal femoral nail anti-rotation,PFNA)是治疗股骨转子间骨折的常用固定方式,但是老年股骨转子间骨折因骨质疏松、移位复杂等诸多因素,复位及插钉困难等现象时常发生,给临床医生带来了一定的挑战。通过对我院经PFNA治疗的98例老年股骨转子间骨折进行归纳分析,并复习相关文献,总结手术技巧及失误原因,报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料 2012年1月~2017年6月天津市津南区咸水沽医院共收治176例股骨转子间骨折患者,其中98例行PFNA内固定治疗。年龄51~89岁,平均年龄72.18岁,男45例,女53例,其中合并高血压病61例,糖尿病35例,脑血管病19例,冠心病12例,血小板减低1例。致伤原因:摔伤56例,交通伤34例,坠落伤4例,其它4例。根据AO/OTA分型,A1型20例,A2型74例,A3型4例。所有患者术前均常规完善血常规、生化系列、凝血系列等化验及髋关节正侧位、CT及三维立体重建等相关检查,积极调整高血压及糖尿病等内科疾病,可耐受手术后行PFNA内固定治疗。
, http://www.100md.com
1.2方法
1.2.1术前 手术均采用全身麻醉,仰卧位,常规应用牵引床,术前患肢牵引、内旋并内收复位,根据正位透视调整牵引强度及旋转或内收的程度,直至股骨距处内侧皮质连续,获得良好或可接受的复位,然后再透视侧位,通过调整患肢或臀部的高低,直至矢状位向前或向后成角小于5°~10°,获得良好或可接受的复位,则开始常规行闭合复位PFNA内固定术,如反复尝试后术前复位仍不满意,则准备行切开复位或有限切开复位。
1.2.2术中 如术前闭合复位不满意,存在股骨距复位不良或矢状位成角过大,先于骨折端的前外侧行纵行小切口,然后以止血钳进行钝性分离,直至触及骨折断端,如骨折断端嵌插则采用牵引或骨折断端撬拨后进行复位;如有分离移位则采用点状复位钳钳夹复位或骨钩牵拉复位;必要时应用克氏针维持复位,如以上尝试仍不成功则采用切开复位。闭合复位常规于大转子顶点近端3~5 cm处切口,如选择切开复位则向远端纵向延长,显露骨折断端,然后行PFNA置入操作。, 百拇医药(葛站勇 李雪寒)
关键词:PFNA;股骨;骨折
中图分类号:R687.3 文献标识码:B DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.15.062
文章编号:1006-1959(2018)15-0183-02
, http://www.100md.com
Surgical Technique and Error Analysis of PFNA in the Treatment of Intertrochanteric Fractures in the Elderly
GE Zhan-yong,Li Xue-han
(Department of Orthopaedics,Xianshuigu Hospital,Jinnan District,Tianjin 300350,China)
Abstract:Objective To analyze the surgical technique of PFNA in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly,and to analyze the errors.Methods From January 2012 to June 2017,176 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were treated in our hospital,98 patients underwent PFNA internal fixation.Summarize the skills during the surgery and analyze the causes of the errors.Results Among the 98 patients,19 underwent open reduction and 79 underwent closed reduction,and the fractures healed in the first stage.By the end of follow-up,2 patients had mild hip varus,3 patients had mild limb shortening,and 1 patient had failed to lock the nail.According to the Harris scores of hip function,the excellent and good rate was 86.73%.Conclusion PFNA can achieve better therapeutic effect in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.It is necessary for doctors to perform detailed surgery during surgery to prevent the occurrence of surgical errors.
, 百拇医药
Key words:PFNA;Femur;Fracture
目前股骨近端防旋型髓内钉(proximal femoral nail anti-rotation,PFNA)是治疗股骨转子间骨折的常用固定方式,但是老年股骨转子间骨折因骨质疏松、移位复杂等诸多因素,复位及插钉困难等现象时常发生,给临床医生带来了一定的挑战。通过对我院经PFNA治疗的98例老年股骨转子间骨折进行归纳分析,并复习相关文献,总结手术技巧及失误原因,报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1一般资料 2012年1月~2017年6月天津市津南区咸水沽医院共收治176例股骨转子间骨折患者,其中98例行PFNA内固定治疗。年龄51~89岁,平均年龄72.18岁,男45例,女53例,其中合并高血压病61例,糖尿病35例,脑血管病19例,冠心病12例,血小板减低1例。致伤原因:摔伤56例,交通伤34例,坠落伤4例,其它4例。根据AO/OTA分型,A1型20例,A2型74例,A3型4例。所有患者术前均常规完善血常规、生化系列、凝血系列等化验及髋关节正侧位、CT及三维立体重建等相关检查,积极调整高血压及糖尿病等内科疾病,可耐受手术后行PFNA内固定治疗。
, http://www.100md.com
1.2方法
1.2.1术前 手术均采用全身麻醉,仰卧位,常规应用牵引床,术前患肢牵引、内旋并内收复位,根据正位透视调整牵引强度及旋转或内收的程度,直至股骨距处内侧皮质连续,获得良好或可接受的复位,然后再透视侧位,通过调整患肢或臀部的高低,直至矢状位向前或向后成角小于5°~10°,获得良好或可接受的复位,则开始常规行闭合复位PFNA内固定术,如反复尝试后术前复位仍不满意,则准备行切开复位或有限切开复位。
1.2.2术中 如术前闭合复位不满意,存在股骨距复位不良或矢状位成角过大,先于骨折端的前外侧行纵行小切口,然后以止血钳进行钝性分离,直至触及骨折断端,如骨折断端嵌插则采用牵引或骨折断端撬拨后进行复位;如有分离移位则采用点状复位钳钳夹复位或骨钩牵拉复位;必要时应用克氏针维持复位,如以上尝试仍不成功则采用切开复位。闭合复位常规于大转子顶点近端3~5 cm处切口,如选择切开复位则向远端纵向延长,显露骨折断端,然后行PFNA置入操作。, 百拇医药(葛站勇 李雪寒)