摘要：脑卒中是全球第三大死因，缺血性脑卒中是脑卒中的主要类型，目前治疗急性缺血性脑卒中最有效的手段是药物溶栓和机械取栓。脑血管再通后通常伴随着缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)，探索IRI机制并提出有效的保护措施，既能尽早恢复脑组织的血流，又能减轻或防止IRI的发生，可对IRI患者的预后产生积极的影响。小胶质细胞是大脑的常住免疫细胞，在IRI后触发神经免疫反应，目前神经免疫反应介导的炎症已成为脑IRI治疗的靶点，然而，迄今为止，将有希望的实验结果转化为临床应用还未取得成功。部分原因可能是未考虑小胶质细胞形态和功能的动态变化，及与其他神经细胞的交互作用，片面的使用抗炎药物长期抑制小胶质细胞导致损伤恶化，故本文对小胶质细胞的功能变化情况及与其他神经细胞的交互作用进行综述，有望为小胶质细胞在脑IRI中的研究和实验室结果的临床转化提供参考。

    关键词：脑缺血再灌注损伤；小胶质细胞；神经免疫

    中图分类号：R743.3 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 文献标识码：A " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2024.13.039

    文章编号：1006-1959(2024)13-0179-06

    Research Progress on the Mechanism of Microglia in Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury

    XIE Guan-li1，DENG Li2，LIAO Jiang-long2

    (1.The Second Clinical Medical College，Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine，Kunming 650000，Yunnan，China;

    2.Department of Orthopedics，Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Kunming 650000，Yunnan，China)

    Abstract：Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the world. Ischemic stroke is the main type of stroke. At present， the most effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke is drug thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy. Cerebral vascular recanalization is usually accompanied by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Exploring the mechanism of IRI and proposing effective protective measures can not only restore the blood flow of brain tissue as soon as possible ......