摘要：目的" 通过建立2005-2021年的巨大儿出生队列，分析巨大儿与成年前肥胖和糖尿病的相关性。方法" 对2005-2021年在济南某三甲医院出生的巨大儿和正常体重儿按1∶1配对后进行随访和查体，分析巨大儿和正常体重儿在成年前不同年龄段肥胖和糖尿病患病率的差异。结果" 巨大儿组各年龄段肥胖发生率均高于正常出生体重儿组，总体发生率是正常出生体重儿组的1.44倍，但仅总体差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。巨大儿组高血糖总体发生率是正常出生体重儿组的3.01倍(P<0.05)，但两组各年龄段分别比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论" 巨大儿与成年前发生肥胖和糖尿病有关，应加强孕产妇的体重管理和巨大儿在成年前的体格检查，并采取积极地预防保健措施和宣教活动以降低巨大儿在成年前出现肥胖以及糖尿病的风险。

    关键词：巨大儿；未成年人；糖尿病；肥胖

    中图分类号：R714.256" " " " " " " " " " " "文献标识码：A" " " " " " " " " " " " " " DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2025.05.016

    文章编号：1006-1959(2025)05-0104-04

    Abstract： Objective" To analyze the correlation between macrosomia and obesity and diabetes mellitus in pre-adulthood by establishing a birth cohort of macrosomia from 2005 to 2021. Methods" After conducting a 1∶1 matching between macrosomic and normal-weight infants delivered at a top-tier hospital from 2005 to 2021， subsequent follow-up and physical examinations were performed to examine the disparities in obesity and diabetes mellitus prevalence among different age groups of macrosomic and normal-weight infants. Results" The incidence of obesity in the macrosomia group was higher than that in the normal-weight group ......