摘要：微小RNA(miRNA)和长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是细胞中常见的两类功能性不编码蛋白质的RNA分子，它们在生物过程中发挥重要调控功能，其重要性不可忽视。由于非编码RNA具有以集合形式发挥调控作用的特点，功能富集分析方法已成为分析非编码RNA功能的一种主流方法。功能富集分析方法基于高通量生物学数据，通过确定一组非编码RNA在特定生物过程、细胞组分或信号通路中的富集程度，预测非编码RNA的调控功能。miRNA和lncRNA的富集分析算法出现较晚，为了帮助研究人员快速了解和选择合适的功能富集分析方法，本文分别概述了miRNA和lncRNA富集分析方法的主要特征和工作原理，为相关问题的研究提供了参考依据。

    关键词：miRNA；lncRNA；功能富集分析方法；注释集合

    中图分类号：Q811.4" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "文献标识码：A" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2025.05.031

    文章编号：1006-1959(2025)05-0170-05

    Abstract： MicroRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are two common types of functional non-coding RNA molecules in cells， which play important regulatory roles in biological processes，and their significance cannot be overlooked. Due to the characteristic of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) exerting regulatory functions in a collective manner， functional enrichment analysis has become a mainstream method for analyzing the functions of ncRNAs. And based on high-throughput biological data， functional enrichment analysis predicts the regulatory function of non-coding RNA by determining the enrichment degree of a group of non-coding RNA in specific biological processes ......