【摘 要】 甲状腺结节是内分泌系统的常见病，目前中医学将其归属于“瘿病、瘿瘤”范畴。从先秦时期至近现代，各时期的医家对该病病因病机和诊疗有各自的认识，既有区别又相互联系。其病因由饮食水土失宜、情志内伤到体质、正气亏虚以及外感邪气逐步完善，主要病机是肝失疏泄，脾失健运，气血津液运行失常，气滞、痰浊、瘀血结于颈部。治疗方面，各时期的医家在传承的基础上创新，亦保留自己的观点，积累了丰富的经验，其治疗方法逐步多样，治疗方药逐步涌现，针灸、外敷等也得以发展。文章通过查阅古籍及相关文献，从病名、病因病机、治疗方面总结归纳先秦、魏晋南北朝、隋唐、宋金元、明清及近现代时期的医家对甲状腺结节的看法与认识，以期为中医药治疗该病提供参考。

    【关键词】 甲状腺结节；瘿病；病因病机；中医治疗

    【中图分类号】R581.9

    【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2024)12-0018-07

    DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-8517.2024.12.zgmzmjyyzz202412005

    Analysis on the Understanding and Treatment Evolution of Thyroid

    Nodules in Ancient and Modern Traditional Chinese Medicine

    CHEN Yixin1 LIU Haipeng2 FAN Yuan3*

    1.Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine，Kunming 650500，China;

    2.The Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine，Kunming 650041， China;

    3.The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Kunming 650021，China

    Abstract：Thyroid nodule is a common disease of endocrine system，which is classified as “gall disease and gall tumor” in traditional medicine.From the pre-Qin period to the modern period ......