健康大数据在公共卫生领域中的应用与挑战

    孟润堂，罗艺，宇传华，邱杰，周达

    作者单位：430071湖北省武汉市，武汉大学公共卫生学院(孟润堂，宇传华)；宁波卫生职业技术学院护理学院(罗艺)；武汉大学全球健康研究中心(宇传华)；湖北省卫生计生信息中心(邱杰，周达)

    通信作者：宇传华，430071湖北省武汉市，武汉大学公共卫生学院，武汉大学全球健康研究中心；E-mail：yuchua@163.com

    【摘要】随着卫生信息化建设进程的提速，医疗卫生与大数据正发生激烈“碰撞”，交叉形成了健康大数据这一新兴概念，健康大数据必将对未来民众健康产生深远影响。本文介绍了健康大数据的基本概念和特点，简要阐明了健康大数据的处理相关技术，重点阐述了健康大数据在疾病预测与预防、循证公共卫生决策、健康管理、健康监测与个性化医疗服务等方面的应用，指出了健康大数据当前所面临的诸如医学伦理学、关键技术突破、“误差”甄别等方面的挑战。以期为更好地推动大数据在公共卫生领域中的应用发挥积极指导作用。

    【关键词】数据挖掘；公共卫生信息学；健康大数据

    基金项目：湖北省卫计委2014年“湖北省人口健康信息平台相关管理规范研究”子课题；湖北省卫计委“卫生计生统计工作规范研究”

    【中图分类号】R-056

    收稿日期：(2015-06-20；

    孟润堂，罗艺，宇传华，等.健康大数据在公共卫生领域中的应用与挑战[J].中国全科医学，2015，18(35)：4388-4392.[www.chinagp.net]

    Meng RT,Luo Y,Yu CH,et al.Application and challenges of healthy big data in the field of public health[J].Chinese General Practice，2015，18(35)：4388-4392.

    Application and Challenges of Healthy Big Data in the Field of Public HealthMENGRun-tang,LUOYi,YUChuan-hua,etal.SchoolofPublicHealth，WuhanUniversity,Wuhan430071,China

    Abstract【】With the speeding process of medical health informatization construction,"Fierce Collision" occurs between public health and big data,forming an emerging concept which is healthy big data.It will produce a profound influence on people′s health in the future.This paper introduced the basic concepts and characteristics of healthy big data,briefly described the correlative technique of processing healthy big data in the area of public health,emphasized on the prediction and prevention of disease,evidence-based decision-making in public health,health management,health monitoring,personalized medical service and other aspects,and pointed out the main challenges,such as medical ethics,key technology breakthroughs,"errors" identification and so on,with a view to better promote big data application to play a positive guiding role in public health. ......