丁慧 张石楠 刘娟 周妮

    [摘要]外源性牙面黑色素沉着(Extrinsic black tooth stain，EBS)是沉积在牙齿上不连续的黑点或黑褐色条带，是一种特殊的菌斑，机械清除后很容易复发。其病因包括细菌，宿主和饮食，近年来关于EBS和铁代谢的研究日益增多。有研究显示EBS可能和微生态失调有关，发现的主要致病菌包括产黑色素类厌氧杆菌和放线菌。EBS患者的唾液具有较高的钙浓度和较强的缓冲能力，食用富含色素和铁的食物会促进EBS的产生。喷砂治疗是目前报道的机械清洁EBS有效且损伤较小的方法，此外，还可以结合化学、光疗、乳铁蛋白和益生菌微生物疗法治疗和减少EBS复发。

    [关键词]外源性牙面黑色素沉着;细菌;铁;饮食;唾液

    [中图分类号]R781.4+6? ? [文献标志码]A? ? [文章编号]1008-6455(2021)08-0186-04

    Etiology and Treatment Research Progress on Extrinsic Black Tooth Stain

    DING Hui1， ZHANG Shi-nan2， LIU Juan1， ZHOU Ni1

    (1.Department of Pediatric Dentistry;2.Department of Preventive Dentistry， Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Kunming Medical University， Kunming 650106， Yunnan， China)

    Abstract： Extrinsic black stain (EBS) is characterized by discrete dark dots or lines on the tooth surface， which is a special plaque. It is easy to relapse after mechanical removal. Its etiology is related to bacteria， host and diet. Recently， increasing numbers of investigations which focus on the interaction between EBS and iron metabolism have been carried out. Studies have suggested that EBS could relate to dysbacteriosis. Currently ......