[摘要]随着人们对美容整形的认可，近年来整形外科行业发展迅速。渴望通过局部微整形、丰胸隆乳和自体脂肪注射等来改善自己的外部形象的就医者越来越多。但是，由于部分医疗机构环境不达标、手术医师资质良莠不齐等原因，致使整形美容术后感染率呈增加趋势。其中，整形美容术后并发非结核分枝杆菌(Nontuberculous mycobacteria，NTM)感染严重影响着术后的恢复和整形部位的美观要求。由于其发病较隐匿、容易误诊等因素，尚未得到足够的重视和有效的干预，致使病程迁延，从而影响术区美观和就医者的心理期待。笔者就整形美容术后并发NTM感染的原因和防控治疗方案进行综述，以期更好地防治感染，提高就医者的满意度。

    [关键词]整形美容；术后；非结核分枝杆菌；感染；防治策略

    [中图分类号]R622" " [文献标志码]A" " [文章编号]1008-6455(2023)12-0192-04

    Cause Analysis and Prevention Progress of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection after Plastic Surgery

    WANG Peng，ZHOU Xiaoqian，JIANG Liyuan，LIU Jiaming，WANG Yu，DENG Xudong，LAI Haijing，XIAO Hou'an

    (Department of Burns and Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery，Xi'an Ninth Hospital，Xi'an 710054，Shaanxi，China)

    Abstract： With the recognition of cosmetology and plastic surgery， the plastic surgery industry has developed rapidly in recent years. More and more people are eager to improve their external image through local micro-plastic surgery， breast augmentation and breast augmentation， and autologous fat injection. However，the infection rate after plastic surgery increases because of the unqualified environment of some medical institutions and the uneven qualifications of surgeons. Among them ......