[摘要]口腔微生物群落结构的稳定是保持口腔健康的基础。正畸矫治器改变了口腔微环境，可导致菌群失调，进而引起脱矿、龋齿、牙龈炎甚至牙周炎等牙体、牙周病损。相关研究结果表明，正畸治疗过程中，口腔微生物群落变化的总体特征为多样性增加、机会致病菌丰度上升，具体表现可受到矫治器种类、观测位点、结扎方式、弓丝材质等因素影响。深入了解正畸过程中微生物的动态变化及其与口腔病损的内在联系将是未来的研究热点，这对降低正畸并发症风险有重要的临床指导意义，亦可为口腔疾病防治提供新的思路。本文就正畸矫治器对口腔微生物影响的研究进展作一综述。

    [关键词]口腔微生物；正畸矫治器；菌群失调；高通量测序；微生物多样性；正畸托槽；隐形矫治器；口腔疾病

    [中图分类号]R783.5" " [文献标志码]A" " [文章编号]1008-6455(2025)02-0171-05

    Research Progress of the Impact Orthodontic Appliance on Oral Microbiota

    LI Bosheng， LI Yongming

    ( Department of Orthodontics， Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University， Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration， Shanghai 200072， China )

    Abstract：" Stability of oral microbiota is the basis of oral health. Orthodontic appliances may have an impact on oral microenvironment， which can lead to dysbacteriosis， and even induce endodontic or periodontal lesions including enamel decalcification， caries， gingivitis or periodontitis. This paper reviews the research progress of the impact orthodontic appliance on oral microbiota. Studies have shown the alteration of oral microbiota during orthodontic treatment is charactered by higer diversity and increased abundence of opportunistic pathogens. The specific performance varied from appliance types ......