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胫骨平台骨折外固定支架治疗进展(2)
http://www.100md.com 2008年2月15日 《现代医药卫生》 2008年第4期
     4 单侧或双侧外固定支架

    Liu[18]用机械牵引,经皮撬拨复位以及双边外固定架治疗23例包括压缩及劈裂的复杂胫骨平台骨折,所有骨折在3个月时均愈合,除了钉道感染没有明显的并发症,所有病人膝关节屈伸范围都非常好。他们认为这项技术特别适合复杂胫骨平台骨折。国内也有很多应用单侧或外固定架取得了满意疗效的报道。

    5 其他类型外固定架

    国内有学者采用自制或改良外固定器治疗胫骨平台均取得了较好疗效。明新杰等[19]采用经皮撬拨复位配合万向加压固定器治疗胫骨平台骨折13例,结果优9例,良3例,可1例,优良率92.3%。张功林等[20]介绍了一种弓形胫骨平台夹治疗单髁劈裂型骨折,认为具有固定牢靠,利于早期功能锻炼的优点。但该法仅适宜治疗胫骨单髁劈裂性骨折,对双髁及粉碎性骨折不适宜。

    胫骨平台骨折传统切开复位坚强内固定因广泛软组织剥离、血运破坏造成术后感染及骨愈合不良。外固定架很好的解决了这一难题,特别是软组织条件差、开放性高能量胫骨平台骨折,符合生物学固定。且由于应用闭合复位穿针技术和体外可调节性,故具有创伤小、最大限度的保护骨膜和软组织的血运、消除应力遮挡和早期进行功能锻炼的优点。外固定架种类较多,具体应用需根据病人的年龄、骨折类型、压缩移位程度、局部皮肤软组织情况等综合考虑。最终治疗的目标应该是达到关节面的解剖复位,恢复正常的力线,稳固的固定,最大程度的保护软组织,早期的功能锻炼,以希获得最终良好的关节功能。
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    收稿日期:2007-10-09, 百拇医药(刘 俊 曹盛俊 陈志伟)
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