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自我调节学习与学习时间分配研究(3)
http://www.100md.com 2014年4月5日 《中小学心理健康教育》 2014年第10期
     人们的学习调节总是最优的吗?事实上并不总是的。在上面的综述中,我们描述了学习者并未有效分配其学习时间的例子。然而,在一些情况下,学习者确实可以作出相对有效的决策。这些证据确实表明,人们本来会作出更糟糕的决策,但这并不能排除他们也可以作出更好的决策的可能性。为了排除这一可能性,以说明对于学生而言,其优化调节的构成(实现目标的同时将所投入的时间最短化),学习目标和要学习的材料,建构一个学习时间最优化的一般理论是十分必要的。

    最后,如果人们的调节不是最优的,那么到底是什么因素限制了他们的最优化呢?是不是有一部分人要比其他人更擅长调节自己的学习行为?较差的学习时间分配是否由议程使用、认知或元认知中的失败引起?每一个因素的失败都将会导致学习时间分配的失误:学习者有时建构议程失败,并且即使他们建构了有效的议程,有限的工作记忆容量也会削弱有效的议程执行,不准确的学习监测也会削弱有效的议程执行。尽管这些因素都会影响学生SRL的成功与否,但当学生们试图完成长期的学习目标时,它们是如何协同起作用的还是未知的。ABR模型为这些因素如何协同作用提供了视角,它也可以指导那些旨在发现自我调节学习机制的研究,以及怎样弄清这些机制的研究。
, 百拇医药
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, 百拇医药
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, 百拇医药
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, 百拇医药
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    (作者单位:浙江师范大学教师教育学院,金华,321004)

    编辑 / 杨 怡 终校 / 于 洪, 百拇医药(王春红)
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