[摘要] 目的 报道儿童I型糖尿病高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷(HONK)并发横纹肌溶解症(RM )、急性肾损伤(AKI)的临床诊治经验。方法 分析1例儿童I型糖尿病高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷伴横纹肌溶解症并发急性肾功能衰竭的临床资料及复习相关文献。 结果 48 h后患者意识障碍恢复， 血肌酸激酶下降， 酸中毒纠正， 治疗效果显著。 结论 提高对HONK患者发生RM的认识和常规肌酶谱的动态监测， 做好早期诊断以及预防极其重要， 是RM合并急性肾损伤治疗的关键， 有利于提高糖尿病患者的生存率。横纹肌溶解症的表现可能会被T1DM 本身严重的病情掩盖而导致临床漏诊，故建议对T1DM患者应常规检测磷酸肌酸激酶以助诊断。

    [关键词] I型糖尿病；高渗性非酮症糖尿病昏迷；横纹肌溶解；急性肾功能衰竭

    [中图分类号] R587.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-4062(2018)01(a)-0030-03

    [Abstract] Objective To report the clinical diagnosis and treatment experience of 1 case with acute renal failure caused by the hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma with rhabdomyolysis in children. Methods The clinical data of 1 case with acute renal failure caused by the hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma with rhabdomyolysis in children were analyzed and the related literatures were reviewed. Results The awareness of patients after 48 h recovered ......