八角茴香油的提取工艺及抗菌、抗氧化性作用(1)
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[摘要] 目的：研究八角茴香油的提取工艺、抗菌、抗氧化作用。方法：采用95%乙醇做溶剂, 通过正交试验、体外抑菌试验、对DPPH-自由基清除能力试验分别对八角中的八角茴香油的提取工艺、抑菌作用、自由基清除能力等进行研究。结果：试验结果表明，八角茴香与95%乙醇溶液比为1∶6，虹吸次数为6次，浸泡时间为2.4 h是八角茴香油的较佳提取工艺。八角茴香油浓度在15.62~62.50 mg/L时对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、酵母菌及黑曲霉菌等呈中度敏感；对DPPH-自由基的清除能力随着浓度的增加而增强。结论：采用乙醇回流提取八角茴香油工艺的较佳条件为A2B2C3，八角茴香油对细菌、真菌均有一定的抗菌作用和抗氧化性。
[关键词] 八角茴香油；提取；抗菌；抗氧化
[中图分类号] R282.71 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2011)12(a)-029-03
Extraction process of star anise oil and its antibacterial and antioxidative effects
FU Mingdong, LI Chenghuan
Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, Guangdong Province, Shaoguan 512026, China
[Abstract] Objective: To study the extraction process of star anise oil and its antibacterial and antioxidative effects. Methods: The extraction process, antibacterial effects and radicals scavenging ability of star anise oil in star anise were studied by the orthogonal test, in vitro antibacterial test and para-DPPH-radical scavenging ability test using 95% ethanol as the solvent. Results: The results showed that the best star anise oil extraction process was star anise to 95% ethanol solution ratio of 1∶6, siphon times of 6 times and soaking time of 2.4 hours. Star anise oil at the concentration of 15.62 to 62.50 mg/ml was moderately sensitive to escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, yeasts, aspergillus niger and others, and its para-DPPH-radical scavenging ability increased with the increasing concentration. Conclusion: The best conditions of star anise oil extraction process using the ethanol reflux are A2B2C3. Star anise oil has certain antibacterial and antioxidative effects on bacteria and fungi.
[Key words] Star anise oil; Extraction; Antibacterial; Antioxidative
八角(Illicium verum Hook. f.)为木兰科八角属植物，又称八角茴香(《本草纲目》)、大茴香等，主产于我国；干燥的成熟果实入药，为常用中药，有祛风理气、和胃调中、温阳散寒、理气止痛等功效[1-2]。而且其味之浓郁，常用于食品和药物制剂的矫味和防腐。八角果实含挥发油、有机酸类、黄酮类、茴香醚、茴香醛等有效成分，具有抑菌作用[3]。近年来，科学家对天然植物的抗菌防腐作用进行了深入研究并发现了不少新颖“植物抗菌素”，并从植物体内的次生物质中寻找能抑制有害生物的有效成分，用人工直接提取应用或明确有效成分结构后，人工合成制作新型抗生素成为新药开发热点之一。同时开发高效、无毒、安全的天然抗氧化剂，具有广阔的前景[4]。笔者对八角的有效成分——八角茴香油的提取、抗菌及抗氧化性方面进行了初步的研究，结果如下：
1 仪器与试药
1.1 仪器
分析天平(上海TG328A，上海精密科学仪器)；753型紫外可见分光光度计(上海第三仪器厂)；岛津UV-240Z紫外分析仪；SXT-2索氏提取器(上海洪纪仪器设备有限公司)；微量移液器(ThermoFish ......
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