Orem自理模式在老年糖尿病患者护理中的效果分析(1)
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[摘要] 目的 观察Orem自理模式在老年糖尿病患者中的护理效果。 方法 将88例老年糖尿病者按入院时间分为对照组(46例)和研究组(42例)，对照组给予常规护理，研究组在常规护理的基础上采用Orem自理模式护理和人性化护理，比较两组出院前ADL自理评分、血糖控制和护理干预效果。 结果 采用Orem自理模式护理干预后，研究组患者对糖尿病正确认知(χ2 = 9.907，P = 0.002)、坚持治疗(χ2 = 4.945，P = 0.026)和并发症发生(χ2 = 4.377，P = 0.037)方面均优于对照组，ADL自理评分、空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白含量较干预前均有显著降低，而对照组血糖控制效果不理想。 结论 Orem自理模式应用于老年糖尿病患者，可提高患者自理能力，改善生活质量。
[关键词] 老年人；糖尿病；Orem自理模式；护理干预
[中图分类号] R471 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210(2012)01(b)-132-02
The effect analysis of Orem self-care mode to the nursing of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus
ZHANG Saichun
Department of Endocrine, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853, China
[Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of Orem self-care mode to the nursing of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods 88 elderly patients with diabetes mellitus were divided into study group (46 cases) and the control group (42 cases) according to the charged time. The control group was used the conventional nursing, and on the basis of the control group, the study group was used Orem self-care mode and humane nursing intervention. ADL score, glycemic control and nursing intervention effect before discharge in the two groups were compared. Results The correct understanding to diabetes mellitus (χ2 = 9.907, P = 0.002), adherence to treatment (χ2 = 4.945, P = 0.026) and the rate of complication of patients (χ2 = 4.377, P = 0.037) in the study group were much better than those of the control group. The ADL score, FPG and HbA1c were remarkably decreased compared with before intervention, and the glycemic control of patients in control group was unsatisfactory. Conclusion Orem self-care mode to the nursing of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus can improve the ability of self-care and the quality of life.
[Key words] The elderly; Diabetes mellitus; Orem self-care mode; Nursing intervention
全球糖尿病患者人数以惊人的速度迅速增长，2003年的流行病学调查显示，全球有近2亿糖尿病患者。随着我国经济的迅猛发展，糖尿病患者也呈现飞速增长，近20年来，我国糖尿病患病率从不足1%增加到3.6%。患者人数达4 000万，仅次于印度的世界第二糖尿病大国[1]。老年患者由于身体功能衰退，自我管理能力差，导致病情迅速恶化。目前我国糖尿病慢性并发症患者相当普遍，心脑血管病、高血压、眼及肾病变成为高致残率的主要原因。因此，普及管理糖尿病的知识和技能，提高自我护理能力，有效控制血糖是老年糖尿病患者健康管理的重点。本研究收集2009年5月～2010年3月在我院住院的88例老年糖尿病患者，探讨Orem自理模式在老年糖尿病患者护理中的效果，现报道如下：
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
收集2009年5月～2010年3月在我院老年科收治的住院老年糖尿病患者88例 ......
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