吸入薰衣草精油对原发性失眠症患者的临床疗效(1)
[摘要] 目的 观察吸入不同浓度薰衣草精油对原发性失眠症患者的疗效。 方法 从2013年1月～2015年1月安徽医科大学第四附属医院神经内科住院患者中选取受试者，随机分为5组，分为100%、1%、1‰薰衣草精油组，葡萄籽油组，空白组，前4组睡前吸入上述物质，每天10 min，连续一周，空白组不做任何处理，多导睡眠监测(PSG)结果探讨其对失眠的疗效和筛选出适宜浓度。 结果 吸入薰衣草精油一周后，PSG结果显示其可缩短睡眠潜伏期、延长睡眠时间、提高睡眠效率及睡眠维持率、增加(S3+S4)及非快速动眼睡眠百分比，降低血压。其中1%浓度薰衣草精油组与空白组比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)，吸入葡萄籽油上述指标无明显变化，与空白组比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。实验过程中无明显不良反应。 结论 嗅觉途径吸入薰衣草精油可安全而有效地改善原发性失眠症患者的失眠情况，其中1%浓度的效果更佳，葡萄籽油无改善睡眠作用。
[关键词] 薰衣草精油；葡萄籽精油；失眠；多导睡眠监测
[中图分类号] R747.8 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2016)08(c)-0144-04
[Abstract] Objective To discuss the clinical effect of insomnia patients in hospital by inhalation different concentrations of lavender essential oil. Methods Subjects were chosen from hospitalized patients in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2013 to January 2015. They were randomly divided into five groups， namely 100%， 1%， 1‰ lavender essential oil groups and grape seed oil group and control group. The top four groups inhaled above subjects for 10 minutes per day for one week before sleeping. Control group did not be disposed. Its clinic effect and the suitable concentration by the results of Polysomnography (PSG) were discussed. Results Inhalation of lavender essential oil for one week， PSG showed that it could cut sleep latency， extend hours of sleep， increase the sleep efficiency and sleep maintenance rate， increase percentage of (S3+S4) and NREM of subjects， lower blood pressure. Compared to the control group， the 1% lavender essential oil group had a statically significance (P < 0.05). The above observation items of grape seed oil had no obvious changing. Compared to control group， there was no statically significance (P > 0.05). Conclusion Inhalation different concentration of lavender essential oil improves the insomnia patients in hospital safely and effectively through olfactory pathway. The 1% concentration has the better effect. The grape seed oil has no effect on improving insomnia.
[Key words] Lavender essential oil； Grape seed oil； Insomnia； Polysomnography
失眠是长时间持续睡眠质量不佳，常表述睡眠质量减少、深度表浅、精神及体力恢复不满意等，是临床最常见的症状和主诉之一。病因多种多样，可由精神心理和躯体疾病引起。原发性失眠常伴有情绪障碍、焦虑或者抑郁等，通常没有发现与之有直接联系的躯体疾病[1]。国内外均有报道[2-4]吸入薰衣草精油后可以缓解焦虑、改善睡眠，但研究对象多数为动物且缺乏科学的支持。本研究客观评价薰衣草精油通过嗅觉通路改善住院原发性失眠患者的临床疗效，筛选出最有效浓度并观察其有无不良反应，为临床治疗失眠提供更多参考。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般材料
薰衣草精油及葡萄籽油：伊犁华纯薰衣草芳香生物科技有限公司，生产日期：2013年1月1日，执行标准GB12653-90，纯度100%；香薰灯：美居雅插电调光香薰灯(直径11 cm，高度15 cm)，产地中山市古镇美居雅灯饰厂；多导睡眠监测仪(polysomnography，PSG)：BZB916S-2000PSG，东西仪(北京)科技有限公司。实验室条件：为无干扰的单人屏蔽睡眠室(遮光、安静、温度18～25℃、湿度50%～60%)。 (杨莹 位凯 吕达平)
[关键词] 薰衣草精油；葡萄籽精油；失眠；多导睡眠监测
[中图分类号] R747.8 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2016)08(c)-0144-04
[Abstract] Objective To discuss the clinical effect of insomnia patients in hospital by inhalation different concentrations of lavender essential oil. Methods Subjects were chosen from hospitalized patients in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2013 to January 2015. They were randomly divided into five groups， namely 100%， 1%， 1‰ lavender essential oil groups and grape seed oil group and control group. The top four groups inhaled above subjects for 10 minutes per day for one week before sleeping. Control group did not be disposed. Its clinic effect and the suitable concentration by the results of Polysomnography (PSG) were discussed. Results Inhalation of lavender essential oil for one week， PSG showed that it could cut sleep latency， extend hours of sleep， increase the sleep efficiency and sleep maintenance rate， increase percentage of (S3+S4) and NREM of subjects， lower blood pressure. Compared to the control group， the 1% lavender essential oil group had a statically significance (P < 0.05). The above observation items of grape seed oil had no obvious changing. Compared to control group， there was no statically significance (P > 0.05). Conclusion Inhalation different concentration of lavender essential oil improves the insomnia patients in hospital safely and effectively through olfactory pathway. The 1% concentration has the better effect. The grape seed oil has no effect on improving insomnia.
[Key words] Lavender essential oil； Grape seed oil； Insomnia； Polysomnography
失眠是长时间持续睡眠质量不佳，常表述睡眠质量减少、深度表浅、精神及体力恢复不满意等，是临床最常见的症状和主诉之一。病因多种多样，可由精神心理和躯体疾病引起。原发性失眠常伴有情绪障碍、焦虑或者抑郁等，通常没有发现与之有直接联系的躯体疾病[1]。国内外均有报道[2-4]吸入薰衣草精油后可以缓解焦虑、改善睡眠，但研究对象多数为动物且缺乏科学的支持。本研究客观评价薰衣草精油通过嗅觉通路改善住院原发性失眠患者的临床疗效，筛选出最有效浓度并观察其有无不良反应，为临床治疗失眠提供更多参考。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般材料
薰衣草精油及葡萄籽油：伊犁华纯薰衣草芳香生物科技有限公司，生产日期：2013年1月1日，执行标准GB12653-90，纯度100%；香薰灯：美居雅插电调光香薰灯(直径11 cm，高度15 cm)，产地中山市古镇美居雅灯饰厂；多导睡眠监测仪(polysomnography，PSG)：BZB916S-2000PSG，东西仪(北京)科技有限公司。实验室条件：为无干扰的单人屏蔽睡眠室(遮光、安静、温度18～25℃、湿度50%～60%)。 (杨莹 位凯 吕达平)