综合护理干预在老年糖尿病性白内障患者术后的应用效果(1)
[摘要] 目的 探讨综合护理干预在老年糖尿病性白内障患者术后的临床效果。 方法 选择2014年8月～2016年4月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院收治的老年糖尿病性白内障患者86例作为研究对象，采用随机数字法将其分为对照组和观察组，每组各43例。对照组采用常规护理干预，观察组在对照组基础上采用综合护理干预，比较两组患者的血糖水平、患眼视力值、护理满意度、住院時间及总并发症发生率。 结果 护理后观察组患眼视力值明显高于对照组，护理满意度明显高于对照组，血糖水平、并发症总发生率和住院时间均明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。 结论 术后综合护理干预临床效果明显，可以促进老年糖尿病性白内障患者的视力，改善血糖，提高护理满意度，降低术后并发症，值得临床推广应用。
[关键词] 综合护理；老年糖尿病性白内障；临床效果；并发症
[中图分类号] R587.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)06(b)-0147-04
[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in senile patients with diabetic cataract. Methods From August 2014 to April 2016， 86 patients with senile diabetic cataract in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were selected as the research objects and divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table， with 43 cases in each group. The control group was given with routine nursing intervention， while the observation group was given comprehensive nursing intervention in the bases of the control group. The blood glucose level， visual acuity value， nursing satisfaction， the hospitalization time and the total incidence of complications between the two groups were compared. Results After nursing， the visual acuity value in the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group， the nursing satisfaction rate was higher than that of control group， the blood glucose level， the total incidence of complications and hospitalization time in the observation group were all significantly lower than those of control group， with statistically significantly differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion The clinical effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in senile patients with diabetes after cataract surgery is obvious， which can effectively promote the visual acuity and blood glucose， improve the nursing satisfaction， reduce the postoperative complications. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
[Key words] Comprehensive nursing； Senile diabetic cataract； Clinical effect； Complication
糖尿病是以高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病，随着我国生活及饮食结构的改变，该病的发生率呈上升趋势。糖尿病患者机体长期处于高血糖水平，可导致各器官组织，特别是眼、肾、心血管及神经功能的慢性损害及功能障碍，严重威胁着患者的生命健康[1]。糖尿病性白内障是糖尿病最常见的并发症，同时也是眼科常见疾病，临床研究显示，其在糖尿病患者中的发生率可达63.0%[2]，同时好发于老年人群中，且临床多为双眼同时患病，其病情进展迅速较快，患者晶状体可在数天或数月后出现完全性浑浊，导致患者失明，对患者的生活质量及身心产生严重影响。老年糖尿病性白内障发病与老年性白内障有一定相似，但因其高发病率、发病较早、病情进展迅速及易成熟等特点，因此易被诊断[3]。早期患者可给予药物治疗，但对于部分视力下降明显的患者常需手术治疗，由于患者具有典型的胰岛素分泌不足，因此术后易发生糖、脂肪及蛋白质代谢紊乱，血糖水平控制较差，进而导致患者术后免疫力及组织修复能力降低，易发生感染、前房出血、角膜内皮失代偿等并发症，极大地影响着术后预后的效果[4]。因此加强对患者的术后护理，维持血糖的稳定，对于降低术后并发症和促进患者康复，具有重要的临床价值[5]。因此本研究将综合护理用于老年糖尿病性白内障患者的术后康复中，并对其临床效果展开系统研究，取得了较好的效果。现报道如下：, http://www.100md.com(朱美霖 王林)
[关键词] 综合护理；老年糖尿病性白内障；临床效果；并发症
[中图分类号] R587.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)06(b)-0147-04
[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in senile patients with diabetic cataract. Methods From August 2014 to April 2016， 86 patients with senile diabetic cataract in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were selected as the research objects and divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table， with 43 cases in each group. The control group was given with routine nursing intervention， while the observation group was given comprehensive nursing intervention in the bases of the control group. The blood glucose level， visual acuity value， nursing satisfaction， the hospitalization time and the total incidence of complications between the two groups were compared. Results After nursing， the visual acuity value in the observation group was significantly higher than that of control group， the nursing satisfaction rate was higher than that of control group， the blood glucose level， the total incidence of complications and hospitalization time in the observation group were all significantly lower than those of control group， with statistically significantly differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion The clinical effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in senile patients with diabetes after cataract surgery is obvious， which can effectively promote the visual acuity and blood glucose， improve the nursing satisfaction， reduce the postoperative complications. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
[Key words] Comprehensive nursing； Senile diabetic cataract； Clinical effect； Complication
糖尿病是以高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病，随着我国生活及饮食结构的改变，该病的发生率呈上升趋势。糖尿病患者机体长期处于高血糖水平，可导致各器官组织，特别是眼、肾、心血管及神经功能的慢性损害及功能障碍，严重威胁着患者的生命健康[1]。糖尿病性白内障是糖尿病最常见的并发症，同时也是眼科常见疾病，临床研究显示，其在糖尿病患者中的发生率可达63.0%[2]，同时好发于老年人群中，且临床多为双眼同时患病，其病情进展迅速较快，患者晶状体可在数天或数月后出现完全性浑浊，导致患者失明，对患者的生活质量及身心产生严重影响。老年糖尿病性白内障发病与老年性白内障有一定相似，但因其高发病率、发病较早、病情进展迅速及易成熟等特点，因此易被诊断[3]。早期患者可给予药物治疗，但对于部分视力下降明显的患者常需手术治疗，由于患者具有典型的胰岛素分泌不足，因此术后易发生糖、脂肪及蛋白质代谢紊乱，血糖水平控制较差，进而导致患者术后免疫力及组织修复能力降低，易发生感染、前房出血、角膜内皮失代偿等并发症，极大地影响着术后预后的效果[4]。因此加强对患者的术后护理，维持血糖的稳定，对于降低术后并发症和促进患者康复，具有重要的临床价值[5]。因此本研究将综合护理用于老年糖尿病性白内障患者的术后康复中，并对其临床效果展开系统研究，取得了较好的效果。现报道如下：, http://www.100md.com(朱美霖 王林)