膀胱癌组织肿瘤细胞及肿瘤相关免疫细胞中PD-L1的表达及其临床意义(4)
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[17] Alsaab HO，Sau S，Alzhrani R，et al. PD-1 and PD-L1 checkpoint signaling inhibition for cancer immunotherapy：mechanism，combinations，and clinical outcome [J]. Front Pharmacol，2017，8：561.
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[20] Xylinas E，Robinson BD，Kluth LA，et al. Association of T-cell co-regulatory protein expression with clinical outcomes following radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder [J]. Eur J Surg Onc，2014，40(1)：121-127.
[21] Tumeh PC，Harview CL，Yearley JH，et al. PD-1 blockade induces responses by inhibiting adaptive immune resistance [J]. Nature，2014，515(7528)：568-571.
(收稿日期：2019-03-27 本文編辑：张瑜杰), 百拇医药(李彦泽 王磊 陈志远 刘修恒)
[14] Bellmunt J，de Wit R，Vaughn DJ，et al. KEYNOTE-045 Investigators. Pembrolizumab as second-line therapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma [J]. N Engl J Med，2017， 376(11)：1015-1026.
[15] Powles T，Eder JP，Fine GD，et al. MPDL3280A (anti-PD-L1) treatment leads to clinical activity in metastatic bladder cancer [J]. Nature，2014，515(7528)：558-562.
[16] Sundararajan S，Vogelzang NJ. Anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 therapy for bladder cancer：what is on the horizon？ [J]. Future Oncol，2015，11(16)：2299-2306.
[17] Alsaab HO，Sau S，Alzhrani R，et al. PD-1 and PD-L1 checkpoint signaling inhibition for cancer immunotherapy：mechanism，combinations，and clinical outcome [J]. Front Pharmacol，2017，8：561.
[18] Sun Z，Fourcade J，Pagliano O，et al. IL10 and PD-1 cooperate to limit the activity of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells [J]. Cancer Res，2015，75(8)：1635-1644.
[19] Pyo JS，Kang G，Kim JY. Prognostic role of PD-L1 in malignant solid tumors：a meta-analysis [J]. Int J Biol Markers，2017，32(1)：e68-e74.
[20] Xylinas E，Robinson BD，Kluth LA，et al. Association of T-cell co-regulatory protein expression with clinical outcomes following radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder [J]. Eur J Surg Onc，2014，40(1)：121-127.
[21] Tumeh PC，Harview CL，Yearley JH，et al. PD-1 blockade induces responses by inhibiting adaptive immune resistance [J]. Nature，2014，515(7528)：568-571.
(收稿日期：2019-03-27 本文編辑：张瑜杰), 百拇医药(李彦泽 王磊 陈志远 刘修恒)