《中医方剂大辞典》含小陷胸汤类方组方特点与配伍规律分析(1)

http://www.100md.com 2019年4月1日 《世界中医药》 20197

     摘要 目的：应用中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)软件，对《中医方剂大辞典》中含小陷胸汤类方剂进行系统分析，为小陷胸汤类方临床应用提供依据。方法：选取《中医方剂大辞典》中包含“瓜蒌、黄连、半夏”的所有方剂，建立数据库，分析类方配伍规律及其所治疗病证用药规律。结果：数据库共收集有关方剂61首，核心药物组合77个，涉及病证33种;选取了3个高频病证“咳嗽”“积聚”“痞满”进行药物组合分析，显示小陷胸汤类方剂在治疗“咳嗽”时主要以配伍化痰药物为主，治疗“积聚”时主要以配伍消食药为主，治疗“痞满”时主要以中配伍行气药为主。结论：《中药方剂大辞典》中小陷胸汤类方配伍的药物广泛，治疗特点明确，组方规律能反映其在治疗不同疾病时的组方特点，对临床应用具有指导意义。

    关键词 中医传承辅助平台;中医方剂大辞典;小陷胸汤;类方;配伍规律;黄连;半夏;瓜蒌

    Abstract Objective：To apply TCMISS(V2.5)to systematically analyze the formula containing Xiaoxianxiong Decoction in Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription and provide a basis for clinical medication of Xiaoxianxiong Decoction type formula.Methods：Formulas containing Fructus Trichosanthis，Rhizoma Coptidis and Rhizoma Pinelliae in Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription were collected，sorted and entered TCMISS to build a database and analyze their compatibility laws and major indications.Results：The database collected 61 prescriptions，77 core drug combinations and 33 disease syndromes.The three high frequency disease “cough”“abdominal mass” and “distention and fullness” were selected for drug combination analysis，showing that Xiaoxianxiong Decoction prescription in the treatment of “cough” mainly compatible with drugs of resolving the phlegm，in the treatment of “abdominal mass” mainly compatible with the drugs of eliminating food，and in the treatment of “distention and fullness” mainly compatible with the drugs of promoting qi movement.Conclusion：Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription has a wide range of compatible drugs for Xiaoxianxiong Decoction.The characteristics of treatment are clear.The composition principle can reflect the characteristics of the composition in the treatment of different diseases，which is of guiding significance for clinical application.

    Key Words TCMISS; Dictionary of Chinese Medicine Prescription; Xiaoxianxiong Decoction; Similar prescription; Compatibility laws; Rhizoma Coptidis; Rhizoma Pinelliae; Fructus Trichosanthis

    中圖分类号：R242 文献标识码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2019.07.060

    经典名方小陷胸汤首见于汉代张仲景《伤寒论·辨太阳病脉证并治第七》“小结胸病，正在心下，按之则痛，脉浮滑者，小陷胸汤主之”[1]。本方原治伤寒表证误下，邪热内陷，痰热结于心下的小结胸症，症见胸脘痞闷，按之则痛，或心胸闷痛，或咳痰黄稠，舌红苔黄腻，脉滑数[2]。《中医方剂大辞典》收录我国自秦汉至现代(1986年)所有方剂[3]，是中医古代方剂精华的集成，也是历代医家临床经验的总结，应用广泛，疗效确切。中医传承辅助平台(V2.5)软件，是集“数据录入，数据管理、数据查询、数据分析、网络可视化展示”为一体的数据挖掘分析工具，已经广泛应用于名老中医经验总结传承、临床用药特点分析、组方规律及新药研发等领域[4]。本研究基于中医传承辅助平台，对《中医方剂大辞典》中含小陷胸汤类方药物配伍、组方规律及治疗的常见疾病等进行分析，为小陷胸汤及其加减方的临床应用提供依据。

    1 资料与方法

    1.1 统一药名 参照《中华人民共和国药典》(2015版)[5]统一规范药名，如将“栝楼”“瓜楼”统一为“瓜蒌”等。(徐振东 付英凯 张成博)

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