张辉等

    [摘要] 医患关系指以医生为主体的人群与以患者为主体的人群在医疗过程中发生的一种特殊的社会关系。我国正处于社会转型期，在医疗卫生领域的矛盾和冲突尤为突出。本文从精神分析的视角出发，抛开医患冲突的表象，对患者症状的由来及其潜意识中的心理防御机制进行分析，揭示出患者的移情源于对疾病、死亡的焦虑与恐惧，患者角色引发的无能感与弱小感，对安全、爱和尊重的需要，自我保护心理和性格特征等心理活动；而医生对患者的反移情对于医患关系而言是一把双刃剑。通过对医患互动的深度解读，为构建和谐医患关系提供建议。

    [关键词] 医患关系；精神分析；移情；反移情；心理防御机制

    [中图分类号] R197.32 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2015)05(b)-0158-03

    Perspective of psychoanalysis in relationship between doctors and patients

    ZHANG Hui FANG Shengyu YANG Fengchi

    School of Health Management and Education， Capital Medical University， Beijing 100069， China

    [Abstract] The doctor-patient relationship is a special social relationship which existes between the doctor-main crowd and the patient-main crowd in the medical process. China is in the period of social transition， the contradictions and conflicts in the field of health is particularly prominent. Despite the appearance of the doctor-patient conflict， this article analyzes the origin of patients' symptoms and the psychological defense mechanism in patients' subconscious. This article reveals the source of patients' transference is including the anxiety and fear to disease and death ......