李燕云 马维红 黄怡

    [摘要] 泌尿外科疾病是严重危害人体健康的一种常见疾病，其主要治疗方法是手术治疗，手术、麻醉等产生的应激反应可导致血糖升高。对于泌尿外科合并糖尿病的患者，针对其围术期由于糖尿病的慢性消耗性导致的自身抵抗力下降，手术风险随之增加并影响预后等结果，加强围术期护理对该类患者至关重要。通过做好泌尿外科合并糖尿病患者围术期的认知干预，使患者正确认识疾病，了解严密控制血糖的重要性及方法，了解各种手术的优缺点，认真对待疾病；加强心理干预，控制患者紧张、焦虑等不良情绪变化，解除患者心理压力和思想负担，有针对性的进行心理疏导及健康宣教，增加患者战胜疾病的信心和决心，使血糖得到更好的控制；通过合理安排膳食结构及应用降糖药等一系列行为干预措施，有效控制血糖、降低患者院内感染发生率及低血糖昏迷反应等不良反应；通过认真做好病情观察与谨慎护理，加强患者术后健康教育，及时发现问题，并采取相应措施进行对症治疗，以提供更科学合理的临床护理服务，缩短患者住院治疗时间，减少患者应激反应，降低患者的经济负担，加速患者康复。

    [关键词] 泌尿外科疾病；围术期；糖尿病；护理干预

    [中图分类号] R437 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2015)09(c)-0039-04

    [Abstract] Urological disease is a common disease that seriously threats human health， and the main treatment is surgery. The stress response of surgery and anesthesia could increase blood glucose. For urological surgery of patients with diabetes mellitus， in view of the perioperative decreased due to diabetes caused by chronic wasting their own resistance， the operation risk increases and affect prognosis etc. As a result， strengthen the perioperative nursing in patients is very important. The better cognitive intervention of perioperative period of urologicaldisease with diabetes could make patients understand the disease correctly ......