王紫润 戈伟

    [摘要] 肺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，其中非小细胞肺癌占所有肺癌的85%。虽然靶向治疗使部分晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者获益，仍需要新的治疗方法来针对NSCLC。免疫治疗在黑色素瘤及肾细胞癌中的突出效果，使其成为肿瘤治疗的一种新方法。免疫检查点抑制剂和肿瘤疫苗的研究数据表明，免疫治疗在肺癌治疗中有很大的前景。

    [关键词] 非小细胞肺癌；免疫治疗；免疫检查点；肿瘤疫苗

    [中图分类号] R734.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2016)03(b)-0044-04

    [Abstract] Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide， with more than 85% of cases diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer. Although targeted therapy has led to a significant benefit in a selected group of patients with NSCLC， novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Immunotherapy， which has acquired outstanding efficacy in melanoma and renal cell carcinoma， has been a new method for tumor therapy recently. The data from study of immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumor vaccines suggestes that immunotherapy has a great potential in the treatment of lung cancer.

    [Key words] Non-small cell lung cancer； Immunotherapy； Checkpoint inhibitors； Cancer vaccines

    肺癌是死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤，转移性肺癌的5年生存率低于5%[1]。肿瘤免疫疗法是继手术、化疗、放疗和靶向治疗之后出现的一种新型的治疗方法，被称为癌症治疗的第五大疗法。它是通过免疫介导杀伤肿瘤细胞的一种治疗方法，其意在通过增强机体的免疫反应或利用各种方法刺激机体免疫系统反应来抵抗肿瘤细胞[2] ......