于长岁 张晓峰 徐西林

    [摘要] microRNAs(miRNAs)属于一个非蛋白编码家族的小RNA，参与多种疾病的生理和病理过程，长度约为22个核苷酸，在人的组织或细胞中有特定表达，其中一组miRNAs已被证实在各种骨科疾病的基因调控中发挥着基础性作用，如骨肿瘤、骨关节炎、风湿性关节炎等。对miRNA在股骨头坏死中的研究，有助于更加清楚认识该病的发病机制。股骨头坏死是一种以股骨头血液供应破坏为主要病因，以骨骼和肌肉功能障碍为主要症状的骨科疾病。近年来研究显示，microRNA对股骨头坏死的微循环、血管的损伤与修复、其他疾病导致的局部微循环功能障碍以及骨细胞的调亡都有着重要的调控作用。本文对近年来microRNA与股骨头坏死的相关研究成果进行分析和总结，并展望microRNA防治股骨头坏死的研究前景。

    [关键词] 微小RNA；股骨头坏死；综述；研究进展

    [中图分类号] R274 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)09(c)-0048-04

    [Abstract] microRNAs (miRNAs) belongs to a small RNA of non-protein coding families， and is involved in many physiological and pathological processes. They are about 22 nucleotides long and have specific expression in human tissues or cells. One group of miRNAs has been shown to play a fundamental role in gene regulation in various kinds of orthopedics diseases， such as bone tumors， osteoarthritis， and rheumatoid arthritis. The study of miRNA in osteonecrosis of the femoral head can help to understand the pathogenesis of the disease more clearly. The main cause of osteonecrosis of the femoral head is the destruction of femoral head blood supply ......