PBL在医学教育中的应用进展及启示
周波+袁海虹[摘要] 基于问题的学习(problem-based learning,PBL)是目前国际上广为关注的一种医学教育模式。但目前该模式在国内的应用中还存在着种种问题。本文对近年来国内外PBL的实施进展情况进行梳理,从问题、教师和小组3个PBL核心内涵因素进行学术总结和回顾,为我国医学教育中的PBL师资配备、学生学习观念的转变、教学资源的配置以及评价体系的建立等方面提供借鉴。
[關键词] 基于问题的学习;医学教育;教学改革;进展
[中图分类号] G642 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)12(a)-0120-04
[Abstract] Problem-based learning (PBL) is a widely concerned medical education model in the world. However, there are many problems in the application of this model in China. This paper reviews the progress of PBL implementation at home and abroad in recent years, and summarizes the three core elements of PBL from the aspects of problems, teachers and groups. It can be used as reference for the PBL teachers, the change of students′ learning concept, the allocation of teaching resources and the establishment of evaluation system in medical education in China.
[Key words] Problem-based learning; Medical education; Education reform; Progress
基于问题的学习(problem-based learning,PBL)是一种基于案例的学习方法,强调以学生主动学习为主,教师进行引导、启发的教育[1]。近五十年的实践证明,PBL能激发学生学习的主动性,提高其独立思考和分析问题的能力,培养其沟通交流及团队协作能力[2]。PBL有效性研究发现 ......
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