汪超甲 王辉

    [摘要] 脑胶质瘤是颅内最常见的原发性恶性肿瘤，目前的手术、化疗、放疗效果欠佳，基因治疗可能成为未来脑胶质瘤的重要发展方向。现有的基因编辑技术有RNA干扰、TALEN、ZENs等，由于其设计操作复杂且脱靶率高，一直没能得到很好的应用。(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated(Cas)9是很多细菌和大部分古生菌的天然免疫系统。通过对入侵的病毒和核酸进行特异性的识别，利用Cas蛋白进行切割，从而达到对自身的免疫，较上述的几种方法，具有明显的优势。本文就CRISPR/Cas9的结构功能及在脑胶质瘤治疗中的应用作一综述，以期为脑胶质的治疗提供新途径。

    [关键词] CRISPR/Cas9；结构功能；脑胶质瘤；应用进展

    [中图分类号] R739.41 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)06(c)-0024-04

    [Abstrict] Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the brain. Currently， surgery， chemotherapy and radiotherapy are not effective. Gene therapy may become an important development direction of glioma in the future. The existing gene editing techniques have RNA interference， TALEN， ZENs and so on. Because of their complex design operation and high miss distance， they have not been used well. (CRISPR) /CRISPR-associated (Cas) 9 is a natural immune system for many bacteria and most of the palaeophytes. By specific identification of the invaded virus and nucleic acid， the Cas protein is used to cut the virus to achieve its own immunity. Compared with the above methods ......